E Resumo: O artigo argumenta que a combinação de três fatores contribuiu para o fraco desempenho do sistema brasileiro de inovação nos anos 90, principalmente quando comparado com a de seus principais competidores no mercado globalizado: no domínio econômico, foram baixos os investimentos em áreas onde a incorporação de novos conhecimentos é essencial; no domínio tecnológico, cortes em áreas (educação, P&D, etc.) essenciais para inovações em tempos de economia do aprendizado; no domínio institucional, a adoção da não política industrial/tecnológica como política de desenvolvimento. Palavras-chave: Economia do aprendizado. Sistema de inovação. Política tecnológica.Abstract: The paper argues that the combination of three factors contributed for a poor performance of the Brazilian national system of innovation in the 1990s, specially when compared with it competitors in the global economy: in its economic domain there was not enough productive investment in areas where new knowledge is essential; in the technological domain, curb of expenses in areas (education, R&D, etc. ) which are crucial to innovation at times of the learning economy; and in the institutional domain, the adoption of industrial/technological policies as its policy of economic development.
This article presents a working definition of ‘competitiveness’ and ‘social capabilities’ which should be taken into consideration when dealing with industrializing countries that are facing the challenges and opportunities of the ICT techno-economic paradigm.
Empirical evidence from nine production and innovation ‘arrangements’ in Brazil are used in order to indicate the need for public policy, so that these challenges can be properly managed and the opportunities fully captured at a time of intense competition in the world market.
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