Background:There is a lack of knowledge about epilepsy among the students and the population in general, with consequent prejudice and discrimination toward epileptic patients.Objectives:Knowledge, behavior, attitude and myth toward epilepsy among urban school children in Bareilly district was studied.Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among students of 10 randomly selected secondary schools of the urban areas in Bareilly district. A structured, pretested questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographic characteristics and assess the subject's knowledge, behavior, attitude and myth toward epilepsy.Results:Of the 798 students (533 boys and 265 girls) studied, around 98.6% had heard of epilepsy. About 63.7% correctly thought that epilepsy is a brain disorder while 81.8% believed it to be a psychiatric disorder. Other prevalent misconceptions were that epilepsy is an inherited disorder (71.55%) and that the disease is transmitted by eating a nonvegetarian diet (49%). Most of them thought that epilepsy can be cured (69.3) and that an epileptic patient needs lifelong treatment (77.2). On witnessing a seizure, about 51.5% of the students would take the person to the hospital. Majority (72.31%) of the students thought that children with epilepsy should study in a special school.Conclusions:Although majority of the students had reasonable knowledge of epilepsy, myths and superstitions about the condition still prevail in a significant proportion of the urban school children. It may be worthwhile including awareness programs about epilepsy in school education to dispel misconceptions about epilepsy.
Background: Glaucoma is the first cause of irreversible blindness and second leading cause of visual loss in the world. The purpose of this study was to conduct mandatory glaucoma screening and to find out the prevalence of glaucoma, in all patients referred for cataract surgery to a base hospital. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients referred from rural screening camps to base hospital for cataract surgery. Medical records of 5024 consecutive patients referred to base hospital from the month of January to June 2019 were reviewed. All these 5024 patients underwent comprehensive ophthalmic and systemic examination. Those patients in which glaucoma was suspected, were referred to glaucoma clinic for further evaluation.Results: Total 5024 patient’s records were analysed retrospectively. The mean age of the participants was 57.2±8.149 ranged from 40-95 years and average age of patients having cataract with glaucoma was 61.3±9.423. Total patients of glaucoma with cataract were 188 (3.7%). The prevalence of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and Primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) was 1.69% and 1.17% respectively while secondary glaucoma was found in 0.88% of the patients. The prevalence of ocular hypertension, PAC and PACS was 0.33%, 0.29% and 0.83% respectively.Conclusion: The prevalence of glaucoma in this study was 3.7% of those planned for cataract surgery. Therefore, mandatory glaucoma screening in all patients from outreach cataract camps would result in detection of a large number of those with undiagnosed glaucoma.
Introduction: Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a disease characterised by localised Neurosensory Detachment (NSD) with or without focal Pigment Epithelial Detachments (PED) and altered Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE). Since CSCR being a pachychoroid entity the visualisation and evaluation of choroidal vessels have shown that vascular layers are altered in the disease process. Aim: To assess Sub Foveal Choroidal Thickness (SFCT), in acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients in both affected and fellow unaffected eyes using Swept Source Optical Coherence Tomography (SS-OCT), and to compare these with age-matched control group. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based casecontrol study, conducted between July 2018 and May 2019 at Outpatient Department (OPD) of Aravind Eye Hospital, Coimbatore. Total of 41 patients and 41 controls from OPD were included. Uncorrected Visual Acuity (UCVA) and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA) were measured on Snellen’s chart. After pupil dilatation, posterior segment evaluation with slit lamp bio microscopy using a 90D lens and documentation with fundus photograph were done. All subjects were examined using SSOCT which was done for both the eyes. Descriptive analysis such as mean, standard deviation and percentage were used to exhibit the clinical parameters. Independent t-test analysis was more suitable for this data. All the statistical tests were examined with 5% (p-value≤0.05) level of significance. Results: The age (mean±SD) of cases and controls were 38.44±6.14 years and 37.21±2.72 years, respectively. The mean SFCT of affected and unaffected fellow eye of cases were 465.39±60.02 μm and 407.12±57.29 μm respectively, (p-value<0.001). The mean SFCT of affected eyes of cases and control group eyes were 465.39±60.02 μm and 267.5±34.40 μm respectively, (p-value<0.001). Conclusion: The choroid was significantly thicker in affected as well as unaffected eye of CSCR patient. This implies that the CSCR affect the choroidal thickness in both affected as well as unaffected eye of patient as compared to control group.
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