Purpose: To evaluate the anti-cancer activity of Indonesian Pasuruan propolis extract (PPE) against HT-29 human colon carcinoma cell line. Methods: HT-29 cells were cultured and treated in different concentrations of PPE (50, 100, 200, 400 µg/mL) for 24 h. The cells were evaluated by several indicators such as cell proliferation and apoptosis as well as the expression of protein Ki67, p53, cyclin D1, and Bcl-xL. Results: Administration of PPE inhibited cell proliferation of HT-29 in concentration-dependent manner but the effect was not significant (p = 0.842); the results were similar with regard to the expression of Ki67 in HT-29 cells (p = 0.953). Administration of 400 µg/mL PPE insignificantly decreased cyclin D1 expression (p = 0.149). The concentration of PPE at 50, 100, and 200 µg/mL induced cell apoptosis of HT-29 cells initially, but the level of apoptosis subsequently decreased (p = 0.416). Furthermore, the expressions of p53 and Bcl-xL decreased following treatment with PPE at 50, 100 and 200 µg/mL but increased for the PPE 400 µg/mL group (p = 0.000). Conclusion: PPE reduced the expressions of p53, Ki67, cyclin D1, and Bcl-xL insignificantly as it it generally failed inhibit cell proliferation and promote cell apoptosis of HT-29 cells.

Sebagian besar karsinoma kolorektal adalah adenokarsinoma, dan lebih dari 95% karsinoma kolorektal diawali oleh lesi prekursor yaitu adenoma. Risiko suatu adenoma berubah menjadi suatu karsinoma akan lebih tinggi pada adenoma dengan ukuran lebih dari 1 cm, tipe villous, dan disertai displasia high grade. Telah diketahui bahwa grading dan stadium merupakan faktor prognostik penting baik pada adenoma maupun adenokarsinoma. Perkembangan adenoma menjadi adenokarsinoma melibatkan peran banyak gen dan protein, salah satunya cyclin D1 yang berperan meningkatkan proliferasi sel, angiogenesis dan invasi sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan ekspresi cyclin D1 antara adenoma dan adenokarsinoma kolorektal, serta hubungannya dengan grading dan stadium tumor. Lalu, ditentukan 30 sampel untuk masing-masing adenoma dan adenokarsinoma yang diambil dari Instalasi Patologi Anatomi RS. dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Keseluruhan sampel dilakukan pulasan imunohistokimia dengan antibodi cyclin D1 kemudian dihitung persentase ekspresinya, dan dianalisis hubungan antara cyclin D1 tersebut dengan grading pada adenoma dan grading serta stadium pada adenokarsinoma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan ekspresi cyclin D1 yang bermakna antara kelompok adenoma dan adenokarsinoma dengan p < 0,01. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi cyclin D1 dengan grading adenoma serta grading dan stadium adenokarsinoma (p > 0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah ekspresi cyclin D1 dapat digunakan untuk membedakan antara adenoma dan adenokarsinoma, tetapi ekspresi tersebut tidak berhubungan dengan grading dan stadium tumor.

A high-fat and high-fructose diet can lead to obesity which contributes to an increased risk of heart failure complications. Soursop leaves are known to have the potential of antioxidant, but research about the effects of soursop leaf on complications of heart failure has never been studied. This study evaluated whether soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the total of cardiomyocyte necrosis, cardiomyocyte diameter, and density of cardiac collagen in obese rats. The heart organs of obese rats that have been paraffin, which randomly divided into normal group, obesity group, and soursop leaf aqueous extract (SLAE) group with dose I (100 mg/kgbw), II (200 mg/kgbw), and III (400 mg/kgbw) (n=6 rats). The rats were induced by high-fat high-fructose and SLI diets for 10 weeks. The number of necrosis and diameter cardiomyocytes were measured by using Hematoxylin Eosin staining, while the density of cardiac collagen was measured by Masson's Trichrome staining and then observed with a trinocular and dot side microscope at 200x and 400x magnification. Statistical analysis using One Way ANOVA and continued by LSD test. We found that group SLAE with doses I, II, and III significantly reduced the number of cardiomyocyte necrosis and cardiac collagen density compared to the obesity group. The SLI group with doses II and III significantly reduced the diameter of cardiomyocytes compared to the obesity group, while the SLAE group with the dose I was unable to reduce the diameter of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, Soursop leaf aqueous extract can inhibit the increase of cardiac collagen density, number necrosis and diameter cardiomyocyte.