We report the first case of chikungunya-dengue co-infection during pregnancy requiring emergency Caesarean section (CS) because of fetal distress in a Bangladeshi primigravida. Though previously unreported, this situation may become increasingly common.
Objective To determine the prevalence and types of epilepsy in Bangladesh. Methods We conducted a nationwide population‐based cross‐sectional survey among Bangladeshi population of all ages, except children under one month. We surveyed 9839 participants (urban, 4918; rural, 4920) recruited at their households using multistage cluster sampling. Trained physicians with neurology background confirmed the diagnosis of suspected epilepsy cases identified by interviewer‐administered questionnaires. We reported the overall and sex, residence, and age groups‐specific prevalence of epilepsy per 1000 populations with 95% confidence interval. Results The national prevalence of epilepsy per 1000 was 8.4 (95% CI 5.6‐11.1), urban 8.0 (4.6‐11.4), and rural 8.5 (5.60‐11.5). The prevalence in adult males and females was 9.2 (5.7‐12.6) and 7.7 (3.6‐11.7), respectively. The prevalence in children aged <18 years (8.2, 3.4‐13.0 was similar to adults (8.5 (5.4‐11.4). Among all epilepsy cases, 65.1% had active epilepsy. Their (active epilepsy) prevalence was 5.8 (3.5‐8.1). Of them, 63.4% were not receiving treatment. Moreover, those who received allopathy treatment, 72.5% had low adherence leading to a high treatment gap. Significance Our findings out of this first‐ever national survey were similar to other Asian countries. However, the prevalence of active epilepsy and treatment gap were considerably higher. This study serves useful evidence for tailoring interventions aimed to reduce the burden of epilepsy—primarily through targeted community awareness program—and access to antiepileptic treatment in health facilities in Bangladesh.
Background: Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PMR) Department has also been trying to provide services with specialized outdoor (referred patient only) set up for twenty million people of Rangpur division.Objectives: Study is to know the demographic study, clinical grading, examination findings and radiological changes of Knee osteoarthritis.Materials & Methods: It was an observational study. This study was done on referred patients of Knee osteoarthritis in PMR specialized outdoor of RpMCH from 20th September, 2012 to 20th October; 2012. The objective of this study is to know the demographic study, clinical grading, examination findings and radiological changes of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Consecutive sampling technique was adopted and total 34 samples were taken.Results: Among 30 study population, 4 (13.3%) were male, 26 (86.7%) were female and male: female ratio was 0.15 (Table I). The mean age was 52.20±9.572 (standard deviation) and P value was 0.000. Regarding Occupation, 18 (60%) were housewife, 10 (33.3%) were sedentary worker and 2 (6.7%) were businessmen (P value 0.002) (Table IV). Among the study population, 18 (60.0%) had both knee joint OA, 8 (26.7%) had right knee joint OA and 4 (13.3%) had left knee OA. The mean duration of knee joint pain was 25.33 ± 37.570 (standard deviation) month (P value 0.001) (Table VII). Among the study population, 4 (13.3%) had diabetes mellitus, 6 (20.0%) had hypertension, 2 (6.7%) had hypertension with ischemic heart disease and 2 (6.7%) had diabetes mellitus with hypertension with bronchial asthma and 16 (53.3%) were normotensive and nondiabetic (Figure 1). According to clinical grading of knee OA, 2 (6.7%) were in grade-1a, 6 (20%) were in grade-1b, 2 (6.7%) were in grade-2a, 4 (13.3%) were in grade-2b, 8 (26.7%) were in grade-3b, 8 (26.7%) were in grade-4 (P value 0.180 ) (Figure 2).Conclusion: This study reveals that clinically more advanced OA patients actually carrying early radiological changes.KYAMC Journal Vol. 8, No.-2, Jan 2018, Page 18-23
Background: Management of osteoarthritis of knee joint is very important. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to observe the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methodology: This study was designed as randomized control trial which was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka Bangladesh from July 2007 to December 2007 for a period of six (06) months. Patients presented with osteoarthritis at the age group of more than 30 years to 60 years with both sexes who were attended in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation department in the Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka were selected as study population. The study populations were included by purposive sampling method after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were divided into two groups designated as intervention group (group A) and control group (group B). Group A was treated with TENS, therapeutic exercise, NSAID and ADL. Group B was treated with therapeutic exercise, NSAID and ADL. Results: A total of 60 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint were included in the study group. The mean age of both sexes were 46.67±7.04 years and male (46.83±7.73) patients were higher than female (46.56±6.41). There was significant difference in improvement of pain between two groups after treatment for two week (p=0.002); however, finally it was found that there was no significant difference in improvement of pain between two groups after treatment for 6(six) weeks. There was no significant difference in improvement of range of movement (ROM) between two groups after treatment for six weeks (p=0.946). There was no significant difference in improvement of walking speed between two groups after treatment for six weeks (p=0.611). Conclusion: In conclusion significant decrease of pain with increase of ROM and walking speed is found in all patients group with OA knee regardless of the treatment program. [Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2017;3(2): [75][76][77][78][79]
Background: Exclusive Breast feeding is implies feeding of breast milk is enough for the baby up to six months of life and no other food is necessary during this time. Objective: The main objective of this study is to study the feeding practice of newborn babies in first week of life. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted on mothers who have done C-section. About 120 sample were interviewed in Dhaka Medical College Hospital and Pan Pacific Hospital Ltd, Dhaka. Pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: The result showed that showed that one-third of the infants 84 (70%) were between the ages of 1 to 2 days and 29 (24.2%) were between the age of 3 to 4 days and the rest 7 (5.8%) were greater than 4 days and about half (53%) mothers initiate breast feeding within one hour after delivery. Besides study found that more than half of mothers 67(55.8%) were fed 5-8 time, 40 (33.4%) mother were fed 8-12 time and 13 (10.8%) mothers were fed per day 12-16 time and about 82% mothers use water as an extra feed of their child. Conclusion: The study result does not represent the country situation and should not generalize. Further study is needed for more specific information and generalization.
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma which occurs closely to the mandible has a tendency to invade mandible. An accurate preoperative evaluation of mandibular invasion is important for optimum treatment planning. Aim of this study is to determine the accuracy of CBCT in detection of mandibular invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Study design: In this prospective observational study 35 patients of histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma which was close proximity to the mandible were selected. The results of preoperative CBCT scan of mandible were compared with that of post operative histopathology of bone and thus sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, positive predictive value were calculated. Results: Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of CBCT were 96%, 90.90%, 96%, 90.90%, 97.14% respectively (Chi squared with Yates correction equals 21.844 with 1 degrees of freedom, p value < o.oooo1). Conclusion: Cone beam computed tomography is a sensitive test and has an acceptable range of specificity. Update Dent. Coll. j: 2018; 8 (2): 18-22
Isovaleric acidemia (IVA) is an autosomal recessive disease of leucine metabolism due to deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD). In this case report a five years old boy was admitted to National Institute of Neurosciences and Hospital, Dhaka Bangladesh with the history of fever, cough, vomiting, diarrhea, stupor and extreme sleepiness for 3 days. Second degree consanguinity was documented between the parents. Neurological examination revealed exaggerated reflexes and ankle clonus was present bilaterally. EEG and MRI of brain had normal results. Urine organic acid analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed slight increment in concentration of 3 hydroxyisovaleric acid and an elevated concentration of isovalerylglycine. Tandem mass spectrometry of acylcarnitines in dried blood spots showed elevated C5-carnitine isovalerylcarnitine (10.3umol/l). Based on history, clinical examination and laboratory results, a diagnosis of isovaleric academia was ascertained. Patient was treated accordingly with rehydration fluid, correction of metabolic acidosis, antibiotic and supportive care Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2019;6(1):64-66
Background: Clinical features are the important diagnostic tools for the detection of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage patients. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the clinical profiles of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage patients. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Neurology at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2012 to June 2014 for a period of two (2) years. Patients with spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage who were admitted in the Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medicine at Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka were selected as study population. Both male and female patients with the age group of ≥18 years, first ever spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage and hospital admission within 48 hours of onset were included for this study. The clinical features of the study population were collected after admission of the patients like headache, hemiplegia or paresis, vomiting, and deterioration of consciousness, dysphasia, dysarthria and hemisensory loss. Result: Headache was observed the most frequent complaint in 81.0% (n=79) patients. Hemiparesis or hemiplegia was the most frequent focal neurological deficit in 69.0% (n=68) patients. Vomiting was common also 58.0% (n=57) patients. Twenty five (26.0%) respondents were presented with deterioration of consciousness. Dysphasia/aphasia was found in 15.0% patients. Convulsion was not a common presenting feature (7%). Conclusion: In conclusion headache, vomiting and deterioration of consciousness are the most common clinical feature of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage.
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