Pesantren (madrassah) is Indonesia's oldest educational institution; it is through pesantren (madrassah) that the country's national educational system was formed, and despite the rapid changes in society, pesantren has managed to keep its characteristics. The kyai, santri, mosque, and classical reference books are at least three key parts of pesantren culture (Kitab Kuning). Pesantren play a critical role in distributing Islamic moderation in the society to maintain community resilience, since the tendency of social religiosity in today's Indonesian culture has reached into religious conservatism to some extent. The objective of this research is to describe pesantren elements (Kyai, Santri, Masjid, and Kitab Kuning) are engaged in producing religious moderation character-building approaches and patterns. This research examines five renowned Nahdhatul Ulama pesantren in Central and East Java using a qualitative methodology. According to results this study that based on in-depth observations, documentation, and observation of the pesantren environment under independent investigation, as well as interviews with pesantren leaders (kyai) and other informants who are fully acquainted with the pesantren under research. The Pesantren-Islamic boarding school-style integrated education system and the classical halaqah system, according to the findings of this study, became an integrated and complementary educational system, preparing social cadre with an understanding of religious moderation, which was actualized in the form of national commitment, religious tolerance, anti-violence da'wah, and accommodative behavior to local culture. The results of this study can be implemented that the four elements of pesantren can be used as a strategy in strengthening the values of islamic moderation not limited to the pesantren but extended to the scope of national life.***Pesantren adalah lembaga pendidikan tertua di Indonesia; Dari pesantren (madrasah) perkembangan sistem pendidikan nasional di Indonesia terbangun, meski terjadi perubahan masyarakat yang dinamis, pesantren tetap mampu mempertahankan ciri khasnya. Setidaknya ada tiga unsur penting dalam budaya pesantren, yaitu kyai, santri, masjid, dan kitab klasik (kitab kuning). Tren religiusitas sosial dalam masyarakat Indonesia saat ini - sampai batas tertentu - telah menunjukkan gejala ke arah konservatisme agama, oleh karena itu pesantren memainkan peran krusialnya dalam mensosialisasikan diskursus moderasi Islam di masyarakat untuk membentengi sekaligus membangun resiliensi sosial dari arus konservatisme agama yang ekstrem. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah menggambarkan elemen pesantren (Kyai, Santri, Masjid, dan Kitab Kuning) yang digunakan dalam mengembangkan strategi dan pola pembentukan karakter moderasi beragama. Studi ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis dengan melihat lima pesantren ikonic Nahdhatul Ulama di Jawa Tengah dan Jawa Timur. Berdasarkan hasil observasi mendalam dengan mendokumentasikan dan mengamati lingkungan pesantren melalui inkuiri independen, serta wawancara mendalam dengan beberapa informan yang benar-benar mengenal pesantren yang menjadi objek kajian. Selanjutnya temuan penelitian ini, sistem pendidikan terpadu ala pesantren dan sistem halaqah klasik-sistem pendidikan terpadu dan komplementer pesantren- telah mampu mempersiapkan kader masyarakat yang memahami moderasi beragama, yang diaktualisasikan dalam bentuk komitmen kebangsaan, toleransi beragama, dakwah tanpa kekerasan, dan perilaku akomodatif terhadap budaya lokal. Hasil kajian ini dapat diimplementasikan bahwa empat elemen pesantren dapat dijadikan strategi dalam memperkuat nilai-nilai moderasi beragama tidak terbatas pada lingkungan pesantren tapi diperluas pada lingkup kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara.
The purpose of this community service is to increase adolescent knowledge about reproductive health, which is important for the survival of the youth, offspring, and the future of the Indonesian nation, especially in welcoming “Indonesia Emas 2045”. Adolescent reproductive health education needs to be improved considering that this knowledge is still considered taboo so it gets less attention. The method used in this service is ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) with the main assets being teenagers in Rogomulyo Kayen Pati Village while the community is the Kayen Pati District Health Office. The service steps include: 1) observation, 2) community approach, 3) socialization of activities, 4) socialize the adolescent reproductive health, 5) evaluation and mentoring. The activity was carried out by socializing knowledge, discussing, and giving questionnaires. The results obtained, the average value of the participants was 79.8, meaning that the participants' understanding of reproductive health was high. Based on the questionnaire, most of the participants obtained reproductive health information from the internet. These results are quite worrying because the internet does not only have a positive side. Reproductive health socialization should be provided starting from children, adolescents, pregnant mothers, and parents, so that this knowledge is no longer considered taboo and becomes the needs of each individual.
This study explores the ideas and actions of KH. MA Sahal Mahfudh's pluralism as a role model for society. This qualitative descriptive research used fiqh sosial as a tool of analysis. The data is derived from the different works of Kiai Sahal and other supporting works are complemented by interviews with figures who understand the thinking of Kiai Sahal. The results of research on the thoughts and practices of Kiai Sahal on pluralism are fiqh ikhtilaf, the basic principle of pluralism that promotes tolerance, and the state does not need to be labeled Islam. Meanwhile, Kiai Sahal's pluralism practices include accepting Pancasila, fighting for non-Muslim burials, allowing non-Muslims to teach in pesantren, engaging in interfaith cooperation, prohibiting hostility to non-Muslims, and differentiating between religious areas and mu'amalah. Kiai Sahal's contribution to the aspect of thinking is to open up the inclusiveness of thought while in fact, it can enhance the diversity of the country. Based on this research, Kiai Sahal Mahfudh's pluralism style is nationalist pluralism.
Keterampilan yang dibutuhkan pada abad 21 diantaranya adalah computational thiking (CT). Kecakapan CT ini harus dikuasai oleh sisiwa agar ia mampu menghadapi tantangan dalam era revolusi industri 4.0 dan society 5.0. CT adalah metode berpikir untuk merumuskan persoalan dan solusinya, di mana solusinya secara efektif dapat dieksekusi oleh agen pemroses informasi baik berupa komputer, atau manusia. Pembelajaran CT dapat dilakukan dengan berbagai metode, baik terintegrasi dalam mata pelajaran tertentu atau menjadi mata pelajaran pemograman. Di antara cara mengenalkan dan membiasakan berpikir komputasional adalah dengan menggunakan aplikasi Scratch. Aplikasi ini membantu siswa dalam belajar pemograman tanpa harus tahu skrip bahasa pemograman. Dengan hanya ”drag dan drop” siswa dapat membuat sebuah game yang menarik. Kemampuan CT ini tentu harus dimulai dari kemampuan guru dalam mengajarkan CT. Pengabdian masyarakat ini bermaksud membekali guru agar dapat mengajarkan CT denganaplikasi Scratch. Sasaran pelatihan adalah para guru di MI Tamrinusibyan Sumbersari Kayen Pati Jawa Tengah.Metode pengabdian ini menggunakan ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) dengan tahapan persiapan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pelatihan ini adalah para guru 67 % mampu memahami sctrath dengan baik dan 33% masih cukup baik. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa guru mampu mengenal tentang computional thinking dan metode pengajarannya dengan menggunakan aplikasi Scratch setelah mengikuti pelatihan.
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