A Reabilitação Profissional (RP) é um serviço da Previdência Social que, em sua dimensão social, visa promover o potencial laborativo residual de trabalhadores que sofreram doenças ou acidentes do trabalho e de pessoas com deficiência e, em sua dimensão econômica, reduz os custos previdenciários com benefícios. Considerando a relevância e ainda restrita visibilidade desta temática no âmbito da saúde e do emprego, este artigo apresenta o levantamento da produção científica sobre reabilitação profissional publicada no Brasil no AbstractOccupational rehabilitation is a service from social security that, in its social dimension, aims to promote the residual labor potential of workers who have suffered work-related injuries or illnesses and those with disabilities. In its economic dimension, occupational rehabilitation reduces welfare benefit costs. Considering the relevance and limited visibility of this issue in the context of health and employment, this study presents a survey of scientific literature on vocational rehabilitation published in Brazil from 2001 to 2011. The data were collected from January to February 2012 in the databases Lilacs, Scielo, Redalyc, and Capes' Theses, resulting in 48 surveys that were analyzed and categorized according to prevalent themes. The main issues collated by the research refer to the discussion about the effectiveness of the vocational rehabilitation program, the limitations of the process of medical expertise, and the RSI/WRMD (Repetitive Strain Injuries/ Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders) as an important health problem for workers.
Resumo: O envelhecimento é um processo biológico e muitas doenças se desenvolvem nesta época da vida, devido à suscetibilidade natural do organismo. Existe uma falsa crença de que os medicamentos podem “curar” tudo, inclusive a velhice. A terapia medicamentosa, quando realmente necessária ao tratamento de algum estado patológico do paciente idoso, deve ser aplicada com restrições e de forma individualizada, pois a metabolização dos fármacos pode estar bastante diversa do esperado quando comparada à de adultos jovens. Ao contrário desta lógica, vemos um excesso de prescrições destinadas aos idosos, quando a prevenção das doenças seria mais coerente, mais saudável e menos onerosa. Além disto, outros elementos intrínsecos ao paciente idoso e ao seu comportamento são determinantes na terapêutica da terceira idade. A pesquisa sobre a utilização de fármacos (tipo, dose, indicação e uso) por parte desta população é necessária a fim de estabelecer a racionalização e otimização destes. Desta forma, o objeto central deste trabalho é fazer uma breve reflexão sobre os aspectos envolvidos na terapêutica da terceira idade, buscando com isto promover o uso racional de medicamentos por esta faixa da população. Palavras-chave: Medicamento. Terapêutica. Uso racional. Terceira idade. Abstract: The aging is a biological process and many illnesses appear in this time of life, due to the body natural susceptibility. There is a false belief that medicine can “cure” everything, including the old age. The medicinal therapy should be used with constraints and on an individualized way when it is really necessary to treat some pathologic conditions in an old patient since the drugs metabolism can be very diverse from the expected when compared to young adults. On the other hand, we see an excessive number of prescriptions to elderly, while the prevention to the diseases would be more coherent, healthier and less expensive. Besides, there are more intrinsic elements of the old patient as well as his behaviour which are crucial to the third age therapy. The research about the use of drugs (type, dosage, recommendation and usage) by this part of the population is necessary to establish their rationalization and optimization. Therefore this paper does a brief reflection about the aspects in the third age therapy trying to promote the rational use of drugs by these people. Keywords: Drugs. Therapy. Third age.
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