Context The interpretations of cardiotocography (CTG) tracings are indeed vital to monitor fetal well-being both during pregnancy and childbirth. Currently, many studies are focusing on feature extraction and CTG classification using computer vision approach in determining the most accurate diagnosis as well as monitoring the fetal well-being during pregnancy. Additionally, a fetal monitoring system would be able to perform detection and precise quantification of fetal heart rate patterns. Objective This study aimed to perform a systematic review to describe the achievements made by the researchers, summarizing findings that have been found by previous researchers in feature extraction and CTG classification, to determine criteria and evaluation methods to the taxonomies of the proposed literature in the CTG field and to distinguish aspects from relevant research in the field of CTG. Methods Article search was done systematically using three databases: IEEE Xplore digital library, Science Direct, and Web of Science over a period of 5 years. The literature in the medical sciences and engineering was included in the search selection to provide a broader understanding for researchers. Results After screening 372 articles, and based on our protocol of exclusion and inclusion criteria, for the final set of articles, 50 articles were obtained. The research literature taxonomy was divided into four stages. The first stage discussed the proposed method which presented steps and algorithms in the pre-processing stage, feature extraction and classification as well as their use in CTG (20/50 papers). The second stage included the development of a system specifically on automatic feature extraction and CTG classification (7/50 papers). The third stage consisted of reviews and survey articles on automatic feature extraction and CTG classification (3/50 papers). The last stage discussed evaluation and comparative studies to determine the best method for extracting and classifying features with comparisons based on a set of criteria (20/50 articles). Discussion This study focused more on literature compared to techniques or methods. Also, this study conducts research and identification of various types of datasets used in surveys from publicly available, private, and commercial datasets. To analyze the results, researchers evaluated independent datasets using different techniques. Conclusions This systematic review contributes to understand and have insight into the relevant research in the field of CTG by surveying and classifying pertinent research efforts. This review will help to address the current research opportunities, problems and challenges, motivations, recommendations related to feature extraction and CTG classification, as well as the measurement of various performance and various data sets used by other researchers.
Dijkstra is a greedy algorithm that gives a choice of several available shortest routes and then provides a solution. The application of Dijkstra's Algorithm in everyday life is very diverse. This study collects research results regarding the application of Dijkstra's Algorithm to solve everyday problems such as the shortest path problem, this mini-review paper can explain the study of Dijkstra's Algorithm for various things, including solving bi-objective shortest routes, multi-objective routes, emergency evacuation, Dijkstra's graph, the connection between LBS features, best route distribution, and fuzzy solution.
Saat ini persaingan platform E-commerce semakin ketat sejak mewabahnya pandemic covid-19, maka tidak sedikit perusahaan E-commerce dihadapkan dengan berbagai peluang dan ancaman baik dari dalam maupun dari luar negeri. Penggunaan Aplikasi Shopee sebagai objek penelitian dikarenakan Shopee paling banyak diakses oleh kalangan anak muda dimana pada tahun 2021, menurut penulis Aplikasi Shoppe akan mengalami sebuah kendala jika dipakai secara bersamaan disaat mengadakan kampanye big sale. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur hubungan Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem dengan menggunakan metode PIECES framework yang meliputi 6 dimensi variabel performance, information, economics, control and security, efficiency, dan service terhadap Aplikasi E-commerce Shopee, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat Kinerja Sistem Aplikasi dari sisi kelemahan, kekuatan dan menganalisis komponen apa saja yang perlu ditingkatkan Kinerjanya. Dalam penelitian ini penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian kuantitatif karena adanya variabel-variabel yang telah di telaah hubungannya, serta bertujuan untuk menggabarkan dan meringkas dari berbagai situasi dan kondisi mengenai fakta - fakta tertentu antara keterkaitan variable yang diteliti. Adapun data primer yang didapatkan berdasarkan dari jumlah responden sebesar 78 Mahasiswa Program Studi Teknik Informatika Kampus Jakarta Global University. Variabel Indpenden (X) dalam penelitian ini adalah Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem sedangkan Variabel dependent (Y) dalam penelitian ini adalah Aplikasi E-commerce Shopee. Maka Dengan metode PIECES Framework akan mengefesiensikan Kinerja Sistem untuk menjadi acuan dimensi manakah yang harus diperbaiki kedepannya agar kinerja system Aplikasi E-commerce Shopee menjadi lebih optimal
The indoor air quality monitoring system is needed to find out good air condition. Good air condition can be seen from two (2) factors, namely dust, and temperature. Dust in a room can affect health if it exceeds the threshold of 0.15 mg/m3, and the temperature of 35oC has been determined by SK MENKLH No.02/MENKLH/I/1998. For that, we need a system that can determine the temperature and dust conditions in a room. The main objective of this research is to create an indoor air quality monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT). This research uses engineering methods, which include planning, design, testing, and system implementation. In this system, when the dust level is more than 0.15 mg/m3 the LED indicator 1 and the active sprayer tell and neutralize the dust content in the air and when the intensity of the temperature is more than 35oC the LED indicator 2 and the active sprayer tell and neutralize the temperature intensity at the room. When both values exceed the set threshold, the LED indicators 1, LED 2, buzzer, the sprayer will be active simultaneously to notify and neutralize the air and temperature in the room. The test results show this system can work well with the percentage of errors in the testing of 12% for dust sensors and 1.6% for temperature sensors.
At the higher education level in the field of engineering, the development and utilization of educational media for practical learning is needed to ensure that students have technical skills and not just theory. The purpose of this study is to develop practical learning media for the transducer sensor subject and industrial instrumentation in the Multi-Sensor Application Trainer (TAMS). The trainer is based on current developments in transducer sensor technology and control systems. The research method used is research and development (R & D) using a media development model with ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). Developing this trainer includes making hardware (hardware) and software (software). This trainer has various sensors, outputs, and a control module in the Arduino Mega2560 and is supported by the Raspberry Pi. This trainer is equipped with a practicum module that contains 15 (fifteen) practicum that will be used by students. The results of the validity test by material experts obtained an average percentage of the assessment score of 85.25% which means that it is valid and very feasible to use. The results of the validity test by media experts obtained an average percentage of the assessment score of 78.04%, which means that it is valid and very feasible to use. The results of the student's assessment of the use of trainers are 90%, so it can be concluded that the TAMS is very suitable for use. Qualitatively, students considered that the TAMS could function well and be easy to use.
Pandemic effects rural and indigenous area that is hard and far to reach by vehicles. Most of the medical deliveries to this remote area is done on foot and taken days to reach destination. Vaccine consistency is affected by their ambient temperature and duration of exposure to adverse temperature in their deliveries. In this research, the development of a reliable personnel backpack that provides self-sustainable energy for vaccine cold storage is proposed. This vaccine storage should support the ambient and stable temperature with at least between 2° -8° Celsius. The problem on the transportation infrastructure in rural and remote area need to be addressed. Most of delivery is done by foot through the jungle or footpath that cannot be crossed by vehicles. Multi modal of power source is needed to accommodate the lack of electricity along the route in rural and remote area. Ergonomics and lightweight are also important for the personnel to bring the vaccine.
On May 27, 2021, Indonesia has started using the fifth-generation digital device known as 5G and officially launched in Indonesia. Currently, Indonesian people are still specifically familiar with third generation (3G) and fourth (4G) network services, and this type of 4G service is still completely unreachable in several locations in Indonesia, especially outside Java. The development of fifth generation (5G) technology in Indonesia is still not widely studied. This study aims to review of strengths and weaknesses of 5G technology in Indonesia.
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