A wide range of Marginal Abatement Cost Curve (MACC) methods for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been introduced in various academic literature in the last decade to address various issues, to use different calculable logic, producing different results and implications. A detailed review has not been carried out on the application of MACC in terms of types of emissions, country/sector, and methodology used. This study is aimed at identifying, interpreting, and clarifying currently available literature on MACCs development from 2010-2020 by reviewing the previous applicability of three analytic dimensions including Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission type, research objects, and modeling methodologies from top-down and bottom-up methods, providing researchers with information of past developments and future trends in this area. The result shows that CO2 is one of the most studied GHG emissions in calculating marginal abatement costs and some countries/regions have not received much attention from researchers in assessing emission reductions. Finally, the MACC bottom-up methodology focuses on the application of the engineering model method and the distance function method is a favorite in the application of the top-down method. Furthermore, this study also highlights possible research opportunities, which may lead to more successful and impactful results in future MACC studies.
One of the obstacles faced in providing electricity in rural areas is renewable energy sources, especially solar energy, which potentially in all rural areas also require inexpensive costs plus a lack of knowledge about these technologies. With a variety of goodness that exists in solar energy, counseling or socialization must be given about its utilization. Ciherang Pondok Village is located on a plateau in the area of Caringin District, Bogor Regency. The village is located at a strategic point, so it has enough light intensity to utilize solar power as a source of electrical energy. Extension activities are carried out by the lecture method to convey various general information about the use of solar power as a solution to the problem of electrical energy in the countryside. As a result, the knowledge of the local community increases and can apply directly independently how to use solar energy to be used as a source of electrical energy so that the availability of energy and people's access to energy are guaranteed at affordable prices in the long term while paying attention to environmental sustainability.
Rokan Hulu merupakan salah satu kabupaten di Provinsi Riau yang memiliki luas wilayah sekitar 7747,01 km2 yang dibagi kedalam 16 (enam belas) kecamatan. Salah satu masalah dengan lingkungan adalah meningkatnya sampah di Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) yang menimbulkan masalah keterbatasan lahan TPA dan biaya pemprosesan sampah di TPA semakin besar. TPA sampah Kabupaten Rokan Hulu terletak di Desa Tanjung belit yang mempunyai luas ± 2,5 Ha dan berjarak 5 km dari pemukiman penduduk. Sampah yang dibuang ke TPA ini mencapai 10-13 (Sepuluh sampai Tiga Belas) ton perhari. Sampai saat ini pengumpulan sampah dipasir pengaraian belum bisa direalisasikan secara efektif dikarenakan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat terhadap kebersihan lingkungan dan disisi lain lokasi ataupun area TPA yang berjarak jauh dari Kota Pasir Pengaraian, dan jalan atapun akses menuju ke lokasi TPA yang masih belum memadai, selain itu terbatasnya alat transportasi dalam pengangkutan sampah yang disediakan oleh Dinas Lingkungan Hidup.
Salah satu upaya dalam menghasilkan aspal yang memiliki tingkat keawetan yang tinggi yaitu memodifikasi aspal dengan memanfaatkan polimer sintetis sebagai bahan campuran. Polimer mampu menambah tingkat durabilitas perkerasan dari berbagai macam kerusakan, seperti deformasi permanen, retak akibat perubahan temperatur, kerusakan material, serta pelepasan material. Pengujian ketahanan campuran AC-WC menggunakan plastik kresek jenis polimer LDPE (Low density polyethylene) terhadap air melalui perendaman dalam air bertemperatur 60oC selama 30 menit, 24 jam, 48 jam dan 72 jam dengan sistem menerus serta variasi limbah kantong plastik LDPE direncanakan sebesar 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% dan 11%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa nilai stabilitas tertinggi setelah dilakukan perendaman secara menerus terdapat pada variasi kadar limbah kantong plastik LDPE 5% yaitu sebesar 965,360kg dengan nilai durabilitas atau indeks kekuatan sisa sebesar 92,46% pada perendaman selama 72 jam.
ABSTRAKAir merupakan salah satu kebutuhan utama masyarakat yang tidak tergantikan, dan sumber-sumber air yang sering dimanfaatkan berasal dari air tanah. Penggunaan air tanah yang berlebihan dapat mengakibatkan penurunan permukaan tanah serta penurunan kualitas dan jumlah air tanah yang tersimpan. Beberapa langkah yang telah dilakukan untuk membatasi penggunaan air tanah, salah satunya adalah penggunaan air hujan sebagai sumber daya air alternatif melalui sistem panen hujan. Sekolah As Sholihin, Cipondoh, Kota Tangerang sebagai salah satu sekolah yang masih mengandalkan air tanah sebagai sumber untuk memenuhi kebutuhan akan air bersih. Melalui kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat, tim memberikan solusi pemecahan masalah tersebut dengan menerapkan sistem panen hujan sederhana. Air hujan yang tertampung di dalam tandon dapat digunakan sebagai air wudhu dan kebutuhan air di dalam toilet. Selain itu, dengan adanya penerapan sistem panen hujan di lingkungan sekolah dapat memberikan contoh kepada masyarakat di sekitar mengenai pemanfaatan air sebagai sumber daya air alternatif melalui penerapan sistem panen hujan sederhana.Kata kunci: air hujan, panen hujan, sumber air alternatif ABSTRACT Water is one of the main irreplaceable needs of the community, and the water sources that are often used are ground water. Excessive use of groundwater can result in land subsidence and a decrease in the quality and quantity of stored groundwater. Several steps have been taken to limit the use of groundwater, one of which is the use of rainwater as an alternative water resource through a rain harvesting system. Sekolah As Sholihin, Cipondoh, Kota Tangerang as one of the schools that still relies on groundwater as a source to meet the need for clean water. Through Community Service activities, the team provided a solution to this problem by implementing a simple rain harvesting system. Rainwater that is stored in the reservoir can be used as water for ablution and water needs in the toilet. In addition, the application of a rain harvesting system in the school environment can provide an example to the surrounding community regarding the use of water as an alternative water resource through the application of a simple rain harvesting system.
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