In view of the COVID-19 pandemic and government policy to carry out online learning, the present research is aimed at investigating how EFL teachers carry out online EFL learning and its challenges. 16 EFL teachers volunteered to participate in this research through invitation. The EFL teachers were requested to make written reflections regarding their practices in carrying out online EFL learning and the challenges they encounter. Five of them were involved in a follow-up interview individually. A semi-structured interview was administered. Data coding was done and appropriate extracts were informed in the results section. To validate the data, data coding was done independently by both researchers, continued by several cycles of discussion. As result, the EFL teachers have carried out online learning through a series of activities ranging from checking the students’ attendance to giving scores on the students’ works synchronously or asynchronously depending on each school policy. Various applications and platforms ranging from a learning management systems to additional resource are employed. However, many problems emerge from the students, the teachers, and the students’ parents along with valid reasons. Therefore, the online learning does not run well since it lacks preparation and planning. Implications for better online learning are discussed. Future prospective researches are directed and encouraged. Keywords: COVID-19, EFL teachers, online EFL learning, technology-enhanced language learning, technology in language learning.

The shift of language learning from face-to-face classroom interaction to online learning beyond classroom amidst global pandemic of Covid-19 has changed how teachers and students deal with teaching and learning activities. To address the issue, the present study sheds some light on 71 EFL learners’ perception toward digital learning of English beyond classroom and a range of English learning activities in social distancing measures. Drawing on the data from a web-based survey and Focus Group Discussion, the results indicated that the students positively perceived the use of digital technology as a means of language learning amidst the global pandemic. It was also revealed that digital learning of English beyond classroom could potentially be conducted by means of available social networking sites such as Youtube, WhatsApp, Instagram, Google classroom, and Facebook. Some activities using digital learning of English beyond classroom are clearly highlighted. The results of this study contribute to the realm of language teaching in offering some insights for designing beyond classroom activities by augmenting the accessible social networking sites.

Globalization inevitably increases communication among people from different languages and cultural backgrounds. This phenomenon dramatically demands changes in the traditional aims of language teaching which rely on the norms and values of native-speaking countries. A large body of literature encourages language teaching to be concerned more with intercultural competence (hereinafter IC), which is allegedly effective to help students achieve successful intercultural communication. Nonetheless, in the Indonesian context, there is still an iota of evidence regarding pre-service teachers’ understandings of the terms culture and IC. Thus, this study attempts to gain insights into Indonesian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) pre-service teachers’ understandings of culture and IC. It is considered as a single case study employing questionnaires and interviews. In total, 26 EFL pre-service teachers participated in this study by answering a questionnaire, with mainly close-ended and some open-ended questions. From these participants, seven pre-service teachers were interviewed. The results suggested the discrepancy in the participants’ understandings of culture and IC. This condition may hinder the meaningful goals of cultural teaching and the effective pedagogical practices in their future EFL classrooms. Drawing on the results, the present study provides some recommendations for the pre-service teachers and teacher education in an attempt to develop cultural teaching in English Language Teaching (ELT).

The shift of language learning from face-to-face classroom interaction to online learning beyond classroom amidst global pandemic of Covid-19 has changed how teachers and students deal with teaching and learning activities. To address the issue, the present study sheds some light on 71 EFL learners’ perception toward digital learning of English beyond classroom and a range of English learning activities in social distancing measures. Drawing on the data from a web-based survey and Focus Group Discussion, the results indicated that the students positively perceived the use of digital technology as a means of language learning amidst the global pandemic. It was also revealed that digital learning of English beyond classroom could potentially be conducted by means of available social networking sites such as Youtube, WhatsApp, Instagram, Google classroom, and Facebook. Some activities using digital learning of English beyond classroom are clearly highlighted. The results of this study contribute to the realm of language teaching in offering some insights for designing beyond classroom activities by augmenting the accessible social networking sites.

This article is presented to discover the students’ problems in subject-verb (S-V) agreement and provides pedagogical solutions to these problems. This study employed descriptive design. There were two instruments used to collect data. The first instrument was a test. It consisted of 10 items with two different types of questions. The second instrument was an open-ended questionnaire consisting of two questions. The participants were 25 social science students of a private university in Yogyakarta. The data included in this study were 10 students’ works which were randomly selected. The result shows that the students' problems in S-V agreement came from their misunderstanding on: future continuous tense, singular-plural subject, appositive, the use of present participle as adjective, the use of simple present tense, the use of either … or … to show one subject, the presence of double subjects, and the use of both to show double subjects. To encounter these problems, the teacher is suggested to teach the students about the essential elements of a sentence first rather than teaching other aspects. The essential elements are subject and predicate. In short, the students must understand well that a sentence, at least, must consist of one subject and one predicate (verb). After understanding the essential elements of a sentence, the students can be taught to understand other supporting aspects which also become the causes of students’ problems in S-V agreement.