The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of destination risk perception by focusing on Israel. Based on numerous previous studies and expert opinions, a comprehensive "theory-based" questionnaire was designed. Data were collected from 760 tourists visiting Israel. The factor analysis revealed 6 factors: "human-induced risk," "financial," "service quality," "socio-psychological," "natural disaster and car accidents," and "food safety problems and weather." Additionally, the concept of overall destination risk perception was measured. The relationships between and among all risk factors is examined and conclusions are drawn in terms of measuring destination risk perceptions and future research.
This study analyzed the effects of the combined psychological characteristics of risk-taking and sensation seeking on the travel behavior and preferred tourist activities of young adults on leisure trips. The results of this cross-cultural study, which was conducted among 1,429 students at 11 universities located in 11 different countries, found that respondents with high combined risk-taking and sensation seeking (RSS) scores differed significantly in their travel behavior, mode of destination choice, preferred tourist activities and demographics, from those who had low RSS scores. The study also discovered a significant difference between nationalities on RSS scores.
While backpacking is often associated with a propensity for risk-taking, the literature lacks quantitative analyses of backpackers' perceived risk. The current study attempts to fill this gap by exploring risk perceptions of 579 Israeli students who were backpackers. The study findings indicate that perceived risk of the backpackers' experience is a multidimensional phenomenon, which includes factors of risk similar to those mentioned in both the consumer behavior literature and in studies on perceived risk in tourism. This finding supports the thesis that backpacking is becoming more institutionalized and less distinct from conventional mass tourism. In addition, the study reveals that perceptions of risk involved in the backpacking experience vary across the individual's characteristics, such as gender, past backpacking experience, and preference for fellow travelers. This is congruent with the contemporary notion of backpacking as a heterogeneous tourist experience.
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