One of the biggest contributors to energy usage are built infrastructures (up to 40%). Minimizing energy usage efficiently could reduce cost and give a better impact on the environment in terms of sustainability. As a tropical country that experiences sun exposure throughout the year, designing a building in Indonesia needs to respond to the impact of solar radiation inside the room for comfort and energy-saving effort. In addition, the topography of the site is considered throughout the process of designing a building, in which the site is located on sloped terrain (with a slant of 15 degrees celsius) and may influence the orientation and shape as it affects access to sunlight and view. This paper aims to identify which building orientation and shape of a project have the least energy usage during its preliminary phase on sloped terrains in tropical climate areas. 3 different building orientations (west-east, combination, North-east – South-west) and shapes are analyzed through experimental method by utilizing Sefaira as a plugin to Sketchup software using ASHRAE 90.1 - 2019 (ZONE 2) as material standard for the analysis. This research focuses on how a sloped site, as well as climate, affects building efficiency and how the orientation and shape of the building affect the building’s energy consumption. Difference in characteristics of the land, preferably regarding flat or sloped terrain lands, does not guarantee whether the energy usage will change, but it shows that sloped terrain sites could benefit on reducing the cooling load of a building as well as daylighting.
Abstract. The aim of this study is to assess five daylighting calculation method commonly used in architectural study. The methods used include hand calculation methods ( SNI/DPMB method and BRE Daylighting Protractors), scale models studied in an artificial sky simulator and computer programs using Dialux and Velux lighting software. The test room is conditioned by the uniform sky conditions, simple room geometry with variations of the room reflectance (black, grey, and white color). The analyses compared the result (including daylight factor, illumination, and coefficient of uniformity value) and examines the similarity and contrast the result different. The color variations trial is used to analyses the internally reflection factor contribution to the result.
The interpretation differences of the policies implemented by the Second Vatican Council have a significant influence on the increasingly diverse views and manifestations of the sacred expressions in the Catholic Church. Therefore, this research focuses on the sacred expression of the Sanctuary as the most important space of the Catholic Church. It was carried out at St. Laurentius Catholic Church Bandung because it applies various artificial lighting techniques to its worship space. Furthermore, this research discusses how and to what extent artificial lighting techniques are able to support the sacred expression of the contemporary Catholic Church Sanctuary. Data were quantitatively collected through working drawings, measuring the illumination level in the work area, and determining the brightness of space-forming materials. Meanwhile, data were also qualitatively collected through field observations and visual recordings. The analysis process was used to analyze the architectural sacredness, such as orientation, hierarchy, balance, and symbols. In addition, visual analysis was used for clarity, uniformity, balance, brightness, and spatial intimacy. The results showed that artificial lighting techniques play a significant role in forming sacred expressions of the Sanctuary of the St. Laurentius Catholic Church Bandung.
Title: Space and Lighting Design to Support Contemplation Atmosphere in Regina Caeli Catholic Church, Jakarta
The study examines how the light and space in the Church of Regina Caeli able to reinforce the presence of God?s impression and support contemplation?s atmosphere. The discussion reviewed by spatial elements (lobby/narthex, pulpit/nave, and sanctuary/chancel), enclosure elements (floors, walls, ceilings), and interior elements (furniture, decoration, and symbols). The lighting aspects explored are physical aspect (light source, technique, light distribution, colour, and level of light) and perception aspect (psychology of light). The study shows that the lighting support contemplation by emphasizing the sacred-secular space?s transition and strengthen the sacred space?s orientation. The contemplation is weakened due to the excessive number of liturgical symbols that blurring the people?s focus. As a pluriform church, Regina Caeli applying the combined effect of vertical and horizontal shape and space, but the lighting only emphasizes the horizontal effect that caused the impression of a church that is humane.
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