Este trabalho investigou a estrutura do componente arbóreo e as características edáficas de duas florestas deciduais (doravante Funil 1 e Funil 2) localizadas no vale do rio Araguari, Triângulo Mineiro. Foram demarcadas 60 parcelas de 10×20 m em cada área. Todas as árvores com circunferência a 1,30 m de altura >15 cm foram amostradas. Para o estudo do solo foram realizadas análises físicas e químicas de 20 amostras de cada ambiente. Para verificar possíveis relações entre as características do solo e a distribuição das espécies foram realizadas análises de correspondência canônica (CCA). Funil 1 apresentou densidade de 1695 ind./ha e área basal total de 16,25 m²/ha. Foram amostradas 64 espécies, 49 gêneros e 32 famílias nesse ambiente. Funil 2 apresentou densidade de 937,5 ind./ha, área basal total de 14,02 m²/ha e total de 46 espécies, 39 gêneros e 22 famílias. O índice de diversidade de Shannon foi de 2,76 (Funil 1) e 2,59 (Funil 2), sendo a equabilidade semelhante para os dois ambientes (J' = 0,66). As análises químicas evidenciaram fortes semelhanças entre os solos estudados. Em contraste, houve diferença considerável dos parâmetros físicos desses solos. A umidade dos solos de Funil 1 e 2 variou ao longo do ano (ANOVA F = 367,67; gl = 3; p < 0,001), sendo o mês de dezembro o mais úmido e o mês de setembro o mais seco. A CCA realizada para as duas florestas sugere que a maioria das espécies distribui-se por toda área, alterando apenas suas abundâncias relativas.
The creation of nature reserves in Cerrado is important to maintenance of representative areas of this bioma and to development of studies about its flora and fauna. This study aimed to characterize the physiognomies and the arboreal and bush flora of the RPPN Carneiro Farm, located in the region of Lagamar, MG (17°57'-17°59'S and 46°45'-46°48'W). Data was collected between November 2002 and November 2003. The similarity of flora was valued using the Sorensen index. The RPPN included gallery forest, semideciduos dry forest, cerradão and cerrado. The gallery forest is not very representative and occupies 1.7% of the RPPN. In this formation 37 species were found (23 exclusive) and 19 families. The most representative families were Fabaceae (7), Moraceae (6) and Euphorbiaceae (4). Semideciduos dry forest occupies 21.7% of the area and presented 100 species (53 exclusive) and 35 families. Fabaceae (15), Melastomataceae (11) and Myrtaceae (10) were the most important families in this formation. Cerradão, due to disturbances occupies only 4.1% of the RPPN. In this habitat 34 species were found (five exclusive) and 23 families. The families most representative were Fabaceae (5) and Myrtaceae (3). The cerrado, the most representative physiognomy of the RPPN, occupies 54% of area. This formation presented 169 species (144 exclusive) and 46 families. Fabaceae (22), Asteraceae (18) and Malpighiaceae (15) were the most important families. The flora of RPPN was different among its habitats because the Sorensen index found was less than 0.5 in all comparisons. The variety of habitats found in the RPPN Carneiro Farm and the richness of the flora of its formations make this reserve very important to the maintenance of biodiversity in the region of Lagamar.
The relationship between size and shape in trees is important for understanding adaptive differences of species. Variations in these characteristics reflect the environmental conditions they are exposed to, being a response to the particular stress experienced by these individuals. Within this context, the present study aimed to analyze the allometric relation of two populations of Caryocar brasiliense Camb, present in two different physiognomies (cerradão and cerrado stricto sensu) of the Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas (PESCAN), located in the State of Goiás. Within each researched environment 30 individuals of C. brasiliense with diameter larger or equal to 15 cm from 30 cm up ground were sampled. The diameter from 30 cm up ground (DAS 30 ), the breast height diameter (DAP), total height and shaft height was recorded to each individual. For the correct analysis of this data, different models of regression were set. We found that the relation DAP/ DAS between the two environments were distinct, revealing a variation in the shape of the stem between the two environments. In the cerrado s.s. the trees presented a more conic shape, whilst in the cerradão, a more cylindrical stem was observed. Trees of C. brasiliense in the cerradão presented larger total height and shaft height than those of the cerrado s.s. due to, among other reasons, the competition for light in the environment. The occurrence of taller individuals suggests a larger investment in the vertical growth as a way of escape from the adverse conditions of the environment. The fact that individuals of Caryocar brasiliense adjust themselves to distinct allometric models, within each environment, suggests that the ecological factors may have a restrictive role in the allometry of this species.
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