This study aimed to identify 2,

Efavirenz is a first-line anti-HIV drug largely used as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor as part of antiretroviral therapies. However, there are few reports on its solid-state structures and behaviors. Besides that, crystal engineering strategies have not been well-exploited for this drug and screening methods have been low promising as a source of new solid forms. To the best of our knowledge, only two efavirenz cocrystals have been reported thus far. On the basis of one of the two known cocrystals, namely, that with 4,4′-bipyridine, here we have used a rational approach for coformer selection and prediction of structurally defined multicomponent molecular crystals. Two 4,4′-bipyridine-like coformers, whose heterocycles are spaced by either an ethylene or an ethane moiety, were cocrystallized together with efavirenz into solid-state forms isostructural with respect to that of the drug cocrystal with the antecedent coformer. The formation of a three-molecule supramolecular entity based mainly on the NH hydrogen bonding donation from two efavirenz molecules to both pyridyl nitrogens of each coformer unit was kept in the three efavirenz cocrystals. Nevertheless, the introduction of the spacer groups in the coformers has altered the pattern of weak nonclassical hydrogen bonds of the type C–H···O and was also related to the formation of a π–π stacking interaction between pyridyl rings of the ethane-spaced coformer. In addition, a polymorphic form of the drug with only one molecule in the asymmetry unit of a C-centered monoclinic lattice is reported for the first time here. It resembles a known orthorhombic form also with Z′ = 1 in terms of conformation and assembly of helical hydrogen-bonded catemers, but their organization is unlike.

2012Form III-like conformation and Form I-like packing in a chloroform channel solvate of the diuretic drug chlortalidone

Two new complexes of Ru(II) with mixed ligands were prepared: [Ru(bpy)2smp](PF6) (1) and [Ru(phen)2smp](PF6) (2), in which smp = sulfamethoxypyridazine; bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline. The complexes have been characterized by elemental and conductivity analyses; infrared, NMR, and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopies; and X-ray diffraction of single crystal. Structural analyses reveal a distorted octahedral geometry around Ru(II) that is bound to two bpy (in 1) or two phen (in 2) via their two heterocyclic nitrogens and to two nitrogen atoms from sulfamethoxypyridazine—one of the methoxypyridazine ring and the sulfonamidic nitrogen, which is deprotonated. Both complexes inhibit the growth of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The interaction of the complexes with bovine serum albumin and DNA is described. DNA footprinting using an oligonucleotide as substrate showed the complexes’ preference for thymine base rich sites. It is worth notifying that the complexes interact with the Src homology SH3 domain of the Abl tyrosine kinase protein. Abl protein is involved in signal transduction and implicated in the development of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of the interaction of complex 2 with the Abl-SH3 domain showed that the most affected residues were T79, G97, W99, and Y115.

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The objective was to determine the effect of commercial substrates and organic sources on the production of cape gooseberry seedlings (Physalis peruviana L.). The design was completely randomized, in a 2×3 factorial scheme, with two commercial substrates for the production of seedlings (Carolina®, Bioplant®) and three organic sources (control, vermicompost enriched with yoorin thermophosphate and poultry manure). Adding poultry manure to commercial substrates causes negative effects on precocity and emergence. Carolina® is a suitable substrate to produce cape gooseberry seedlings without needing supplementation with organic sources. Bioplant® behaves more like an emergence conditioner, requiring supplementation with organic sources (preferably vermicompost). Seedlings suitable for transplanting are obtainable at 47 days after sowing.

A educação de deficientes auditivos no ensino regular é um desafio, pois por muito tempo não se deu a devidaimportância à sua forma de comunicação, a língua de sinais. Com a inclusão, os deficientes auditivos passam a sercolocados dentro do ensino regular e, surge a necessidade de um novo agente imprescindível na para sua integração, ointérprete da língua de sinais brasileira (libras). O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a produção de narrativas de intérpretede libras e professores de ciências que atuam na sala de aula inclusiva. A investigação deste tema traz a discussãoquestões como: qual o papel do intérprete educacional? O que está prescrito e o que é real no processo de inclusão? Oaporte metodológico adotado se fundamenta em Zabalza que utiliza dos diários de aula como instrumento de pesquisa,onde o sujeito é pesquisado sem ser observado. Os resultados apontam a falta de domínio de uma linguagem constituídacomo principal dilema na educação de deficientes auditivos.