It is increasingly evident that oxidative stress and the presence of free radicals are a major cause of many disease processes that may aggravate the disease course, or create new effects that could cause further alterations in patient's health or impair their quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of extracts from seeds of four varieties of Cucurbita spp: (Hybrid between C. moschata and C. maxima Duchesne ex Lam) Tetsukabuto, C. mixta Pangalo (calabaza rayada), C. moschata (Duchesne ex Lam.) Duchesne ex Poir. (coreanito) and C. maxima Duchesne (calabaza plomo), in relation to their content of total phenols and flavonoids. Extracts of decreasing polarity were obtained using the following solvents: acidified water, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate, the total phenols and flavonoids were quantified by the FolinCiocalteau and complexation with AlCl3 to 5% respectively. To determine the antioxidant activity of extracts bleaching technique free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was used. The total phenolic content was to Tetsukabuto (165.48 ± 0.94), calabaza rayada (275.10 ± 6.86), coreanito (118.79 ± 3.72) calabaza plomo (212.87 ± 7 51) (mol GAE/g of sample). Flavonoids values ranged from (32.03 ± 1.39) and (96.63 ± 1.14) (quercetin mg/g sample). The antioxidant activity expressed as median inhibitory concentration (IC50) showed the following results: Tetsukabuto (117.69 ± 5.81) calabaza rayada (77.75 ± 3.64); coreanito (110.67 ± 1.70), calabaza plomo (87.39 ± 8.64) (mg/ml). A one-way analysis of variance showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among the varieties studied. The results obtained show a clear relationship between the content of total phenolics and flavonoids with antioxidant activity, with C. mixta Pangalo variety showed higher antioxidant activity and can be considered a source of natural antioxidants to produce a beneficial effect on health.
Objetivos: determinar la composición fitoquímica y evaluar la actividad antioxidante de los extractos hidroalcohólicos de S. haematospermum; P. niruri; P. tenellus; E. serpens. Metodología: la composición fitoquímica se analizó por cromatografía en capa fina y la actividad antioxidante se observó de modo cualitativo por ensayo autográfico. Los fenoles totales se cuantificaron con el método de Folin-Ciocalteu y flavonoides totales con la reacción de complejación de aluminio. Para determinar la actividad antioxidante se utilizaron las técnicas de decoloración del radical libre DPPH• (2,2- difenil-1-picrilhidracilo) y del radical catión ABTS°+ (ácido 2,2´-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfónico) y del poder reductor del catión hierro (III). Resultados: el estudio fitoquímico evidenció en todas las especies la presencia de metabolitos bioactivos. El contenido de fenoles totales osciló entre: 627,71 ± 1,45 y 369,8±52,6 mg EAG/g muestra y de flavonoides totales fue de 12,2 ± 0,1 hasta 4,5 ± 0,3 mg Q/g muestra. Las especies S. haematospermum y P. tenellus presentaron mayor contenido de polifenoles. Los ensayos de actividad antioxidante permitieron reconocer que S. haematospermum y P. tenellus tienen capacidad de mayor inhibición de los radicales libres probados y mostraron mayor poder reductor los extractos hidroalcohólicos S. haematospermum y P. niruri.
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