Population growth and economic development in Indonesia have increased the production of municipal solid waste (MSW) in many big cities, causing sanitary problems. The (MSW) disposal problem can be solved by applying an appropriate technology that can reduce the volume of the waste effectively and efficiently. Waste-to-Energy (WTE), or Energy-from-Waste (EFW), is one of the most effective and efficient technologies for reducing the waste volume. Energy recovered from the waste can be used for thermal or electricity generation. This paper deals with a feasibility study of utilizing MSW for generating electricity. A survey and investigation of waste characteristics, including waste composition, chemical and physical composition, and heating value, were carried out for typical Bandung MSW. An average heating value of 1500 kcal/kg can be expected from pre-treated MSW to be used as a fuel for direct combustion in a WTE plant. A typical design for a small-scale WTE plant is shown in this paper and also an energy analysis is provided. Approximately 800 kW of electric power can be generated from 50 tonnes of MSW per day.

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Abstract. In this paper, the use of banana peel for energy purposes was investigated. Banana peel is a lignocellulosic waste since it is the most widely produced and consumed fruit in Indonesia. Among the others, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) was chosen as alternative themochemical process, suitable for high moisture biomass. Through a 1 L stirred reactor, hydrothermal treatments were performed under low temperature condition (190, 210 and 230 o C), residence times (30 and 60 min), and biomass to water ratio (1:3, 1:5, and 1:10). Three of product were collected from the process with primary material balance. Solid phase (hydrochar) was evaluated in terms of calorific value, proximate and ultimate analysis. The results suggested that the hydrothermal carbonization of banana peel gave high heating value (HHV) of 20.09 MJ/kg for its char after dried naturally.

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Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a thermochemical process used for converting wet biomass waste become a coal-like material with higher carbon content called hydrochar. In this study, design and 5231,3, 4569,5, dan 5422,7 kkal / kg untuk kertas, sisa makanan (nasi), dan serbuk kayu masing-masing setelah produk dikeringkan secara alami.

This paper discusses the manufacturing process of rotor radial turbo-expanders for small Organic Rankine Cycle systems using additive manufacturing machine Selective Laser Melting (SLM) machine. The process manufacturing consists of data preparation, build job process, and process finishing product. Data preparations are include material preparations, build data preparation using software 3D design Solidworks, support management with software magics and additive manufacturing software with Autofab for build job process on SLM machine. The results shows rotor with material Aluminum Silicon Powder (AlSi) can be made with either the appropriate geometry design within 5 hours with total cost for the whole processing is up to 11 milion IDR.