IntroductionThe rapid development of information technology makes the data communication and information delivery technology most effective. Moreover, this development has considerable advantages in every field of life, especially in education sector. Qomaruddin [1] proposed that using e-learning has many advantages over conventional learning, such as: quick feedback to students, saving of time in marking, consistently in marking and improve monitoring in students. While there are numerous e-learning solutions available today, the differentiating factors are the innovative instructional design and custom content development process [2]. Furthermore, to establish learning and development theories in web based learning, the system design should able to recognize the individual learning requirements [3]. The system has to recognize the individual requirements for ergonomic reasons, or adaptations to learning styles for an easier introduction into a topic.In the context of e-learning, the adaptation is about creating a learner experience that purposely adjusts to various conditions over a period of time with the intention of increasing success for the effectiveness of e-learning application. The adaptation concept in e-learning application has been on the e-learning research agenda for well over three decades in different research topics such as intelligent tutoring systems [4], adaptive hypermedia [5][6][7] and Multiagent systems [8] often based upon an instructional design model or guidelines and concept understanding. Linawati [9] explain that the students wer satisfied with adaptive hypermedia courseware, their academic achievement were rise significantly and the dropout rate were diminished.Meanwhile, several studies have focused on the pedagogical aspect of e-learning systems over the past few years, but they have provided insufficient guidelines for e-learning designers [10]. The development of e-learning standards is a complicated, time-consuming, and challenging process. Some projects have focused on determining the standard architecture and format for learning environments, such as IEEE learning technology systems architecture (LTSA), instructional management systems (IMS), and sharable content object reference model (SCORM) [11].Nowadays, the standardizations of e-learning application are abundant and cover all aspects of e-learning and distance education, from representation, packaging, and publishing of learning objects (LOs); to metadata that describe LOs. Furthermore, some standards
Recently, the growth of web learning system has stimulated the research on adaptive learning opportunity which is suitable to
Since the nineties, companies have started to recognize the relevance of integrating sustainability in their corporate strategies. However, despite this increasing awareness, integrating sustainability in corporate strategy remains a challenge for many organisations due to the need of dealing with a wide range of issues. This research discusses more about the sustainable strategies selection in a SME and develops a model based on integrated multicriteria decision making (MCDM) methods to solve such problems. The developed model applies Entropy weighting method and Vikor algorithm to effectively analyze the weight of each sustainability criteria and to select the best sustainable strategies while capturing all subjective and objective criteria. A case study is illustrated to test the proposed model in a Batik SME. Results show that profits and facility requirements are the two most important criteria in sustainable strategies selection. This implies that during sustainable strategies selection, it is suggested that emphasis should be placed on revenue generation and facilities needed of the respective strategies.
UD Sumber Rejeki merupakan UMKM yang memproduksi tas handbag sebagai produk utama. Dalam proses produksi, salah satu kendala utama yaitu keterlambatan bahan baku. Keterlambatan bahan baku diakibatkan oleh kesalahan dalam pemilihan supplier. Pemilihan supplier merupakan salah satu faktor penting berjalannya sebuah perusahaan. Ketika bahan baku sudah terpenuhi dengan baik, maka proses produksi bisa berjalan. Pemilihan supplier memerlukan kriteria dalam mendukung keputusan di dalamnya. Maka dari itu digunakan metode AHP dalam menentukan kriteria dan bobot di dalamnya.Dan digunakan metode PROMETHEE untuk mendapatkan perangkingan hasil kinerja supplier.Didapatkan dari lima supplier langganan, Supplier yang menjadi rekomendasi kepada UD Sumber Rejeki adalah supplier dengan kinerja terbaik yang sudah dinilai dengan AHP dan PROMETHEE. Supplier tersebut adalah supplier 3 (Aini) dengan nilai net flow sebesar 0,5438, S2 (Prima) sebesar 0,4099, S4 (Akbar) sebesar 0,0438. Ketiga supplier ini merupakan supplier prioritas yang diusulkan kepada UD Sumber Rejeki dan Supplier 3 memiliki kinerja terbaik yang akan dijadikan prioritas utama.
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