A new method was developed for producing a catalyst involving a Pd nanoparticle (NP) embedded in a graphene oxide framework (Pd@GOF) with ordered macro‐ and mesoporous structures. First, 5,5′‐diamino‐2,2′‐bipyridine was selected as cross‐linking for covalent modification of GO nanosheets to prepare a three‐dimensional (3D) framework with interlayer spaces in which well‐dispersed and ultra‐small Pd NPs in situ grew and embedded the framework. The synthesized nanopores 3D Pd@GOF can act as nanoreactors to help the reaction substrates thoroughly come into contact with the surface of Pd NPs, thereby exhibiting high activity toward the Heck reaction, rarely reported concerning Pd NPs supported on one‐side functionalized graphene. The Pd@GOF catalyst can be used 10 times without any significant loss in the catalytic activity, confirming the long‐term stability of this catalyst. Therefore, the covalently assembled GOF was proposed as a universal platform for hosting noble metal NPs to construct the desired metal@GOF nanocatalyst with improved activity and stability that can be used in a broad range of practical applications.
A novel chelating adsorbent was successfully synthesized by cross-linking of 4, 4 0 , 4 00 -s-triazine-1, 3, 5-triyltri-p-aminobenzoic acid as a linker with nanosheets of graphene oxide to provide a 3-dimensional framework. Therefore, the adsorption process of Cd +2 and Pb +2 on the adsorbent was investigated by employing an ultrasonic bath. The optimum condition containing the small amount of adsorbent (10 mg) for both metals at pH=8 for Cd +2 and pH=5 for Pb +2 , and a short time of two minutes caused gaining an absorption capacity at a high level. The presence of nitrogen-functionalized groups in the porous Graphene Oxide Framework (GOF) contributed to the absorption of lead and cadmium ions. The kinetic models of pseudo-rst-order and pseudo-second-order were used to de ne the kinetic process. The experimental adsorption datum was properly suited to the kinetic model of the pseudo-second-order (R 2 = 0:990). It indicated that adsorbing ions of heavy metals onto GOF happens through a chemical process, and adsorption isotherms of Cd +2 and Pb +2 ions were in high-grade accordance with the Longmuir model. Eventually, because of the rapid adsorption kinetics, high removal capacity, perfect stability, and being reusable, this GOF can be used as a remediation adsorbent with high-performing heavy metals removal from aqueous solutions.
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