Abstract-This work studies the two Reverse Logistics models used in European countries for collection of Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), compares their advantages and disadvantages and proposes a framework that helps the decision making process. The paper is articulated as follows. First, a literature review has been carried out regarding the two systems of WEEE Collection in the European Union: i.e. National Collective Scheme and Clearing House Model. Second, an integrated framework is proposed for managing Reverse Logistics in the disposal of electrical and electronic products and their components at the end of their lifetime. The proposed model may help in the decision making process of which collection system better fits the specific characteristics of a country. I. INTRODUCTIONIn the last two decades, the problem related to pollution and environmental management, gained much importance. The concept of sustainable development, defined as development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs" [1] has become increasingly recurrent.In this scenario, there is an increasing importance of the so-called reverse logistics understood as the collection of resources and activities dedicated to the recovery and recycling of end-of-life products discarded by users [2], [3]. These considerations are particularly important when referring to the production of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), one of the fastest growing manufacturing sectors [4], in which technological innovation and market expansion continue to speed up the replacement process and the number of new applications of EEE.In order to address environmental problems related to the management of WEEE, starting from the '80/'90 some EU Member States began to develop specific national legislations. Based on these considerations, the European Directive 2002/96/CE entered into force on January 27 2003 [5], [6]. This directive was aimed to prevent and limit the flow of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and their components to landfill through reuse and recycling policies [7]. This Directive was revised with the publication of the Directive 2012/19/EU (entered into force on August 13, 2012) because of the increasing of this waste. To appropriately manage the environmental problems associated with the recovery of WEEE in Europe, Directive 2012/19/EU imposes a separate collection of WEEE which must be guaranteed by appropriate systems so that users can easily discard their electrical and electronic equipments.In this regard, the directive leaves to the producers the freedom to choose whether to fulfil their responsibility by implementing their own individual recovery system or participating in collective collection schemes or shared systems with other companies which are associated in order to reap the benefits of economies of scale. In the vast majority of European countries the most widespread collection system is of the second type.Collective schemes ...
In 2010, the legislation regarding the Brazilian Policy of Solid Waste (BPSW) was introduced in Brazil. It is the legal framework for solid waste management that differentiates what is recyclable and from what is not. The BPSW features innovations such as Reverse Logistics (RL) which determines that manufacturers, importers, distributors and retailers must perform the collection of used packaging and products like batteries, light bulbs, electronics, etc. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework that helps indicating which would be, among the National Collective and Clearing House models used in European countries, the most suitable scheme for reverse logistics of Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) according to the Brazilian reality. For this purpose, the paper analyses the existing literature and various relevant practices used in Europe. Moreover, data regarding the Brazilian environmental legislation and the characteristics of each state were used to evaluate the possible use of the European reverse logistics models. The framework helps to define the Brazilian case in three stages and suggests that the most suitable model for Brazil is the National Collective. This decision is urgent since it has been proposed that many European countries should also implement this model instead of the currently employed.Finally, a structured framework is proposed, facilitating the decision-making process to be carried out by various stakeholders such as the Brazilian Federal Government, municipal authorities, industries, recyclers and service providers. In this way, the WEEE management and logistics organization would be easier in the Brazilian territory.
Farming is very important for the development of a country economy and, in Brazil, cattle (meat and milk) is one of the most important sectors of this segment. This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework to identify the key characteristics of the Short Food Supply Chain and, moreover, propose a model for the implementation of sustainability in the sector of small milk producers and dairy products. The research presents data from small producers located in Paraná, Brazil and utilizes the better condition of Italian producers in the Veneto region as a benchmarking to identify opportunities for improvement by adopting the concept of Short Food Supply Chain. The conclusion of the analysis showed that there are significant gains for small farmers with the adoption of the proposed model because it solves several issues that currently hinder the development of the sector.
RESUMOA gestão e o controle de estoque são assuntos importantes e relevantes para as empresas, porque possibilitam maximização o uso dos recursos para conseguir maior lucro mantendo os níveis de satisfação dos clientes. As modernas tecnologias de informações ajudam as empresas na boa gestão do controle de estoque. Isso significa que, seja possível para as empresas, por meio de um software, mensurar com mais exatidão a quantidade de material que deve ser adquirido e também o período mais adequado para aquisição, atendendo a demanda corrente e também demandas pontuais e imprevistas. Apesar da importância do controle de estoque, as publicações acadêmicas são realizadas, algumas vezes, usando planilhas eletrônicas e/ou folhas de papeis planilhadas, limitando o conhecimento do valor que poderia ser ganho com uma boa gestão de controle de estoque. A proposta desse artigo é apresentar o software de controle de estoque para comunidade acadêmica aqui chamado de 'Sistema Simplificado de Controle de Estoque -SISCE'. O software 'SISCE' consegue simular, em um prazo mais curto, o que for necessário ao atendimento das demandas, consolidando assim reduções necessárias e ganhos financeiros, resultado em um melhor controle dos recursos materiais.
Resumo -O artigo apresenta a metodologia de sala de aula invertida, em uma disciplina específica, como proposta de experiência de aprendizagem do aluno no ensino híbrido. A disciplina aqui estudada aborda competências relacionadas ao pensamento lógico, propondo conteúdo diverso, além do estudo da capacidade de transformar informação em conhecimento. A reflexão aqui apresentada, por meio de um relato, tem como questionamento os usos das estratégias metodológicas de sala de aula invertida, tentando compreender de que maneira configuram a aprendizagem do aluno. O instrumento de coleta de informações utilizado foi um questionário estruturado com perguntas objetivas e uma pergunta descritiva, o qual foi enviado para os alunos de duas turmas. Os professores desta disciplina foram questionados sobre a forma como conduziram o ensino e de que maneira refletiu nos resultados mais satisfatórios em sala de aula. Como conclusão, pode-se relatar o baixo aproveitamento dos alunos no ensino híbrido, sendo a principal razão estar relacionada ao não comprometimento do aluno no momento do seu estudo no ambiente online.Palavras-chave: Sala de Aula Invertida. Aprendizagem. Metodologia Ativa. Abstract -The article presents the flipped classroom methodology, in a specific subject, as a proposal for student learning experience in hybrid education. The analyzed discipline addresses competences related to logical thinking, proposing diverse content, besides the study of the ability to transform information into knowledge. The reflection presented here, through a report, has as its question the uses of the methodological strategies of the flipped classroom, trying to understand how they configure the student learning. The information collection instrument used was a structured questionnaire with objective questions and a descriptive question, which was sent to students from two classes. Teachers in this subject were asked how they conducted the teaching and how it reflected in the most satisfactory classroom outcomes. In conclusion, it can be reported the low achievement of students in hybrid education, the main reason being related to the noncommitment of the student when studying in the online environment. Resumo -Este trabalho tem como objetivo trazer um agrupamento do conhecimento sobre a giberelina apresentando seu histórico, síntese, distribuição e efeitos fisiológicos, principais substâncias ativas do grupo e potenciais para aplicações na agricultura. Entre todos os hormônios vegetais conhecidos, as giberelinas são os que mostram os mais comprováveis efeitos quando aplicados às plantas, como por exemplo a promoção do alongamento celular e o desenvolvimento de frutos sem fecundação. Em função disso, há uma expectativa sobre sua utilização comercial e espera-se um aumento de produtividade com o emprego desses fitohormônios. Com o progresso das pesquisas as giberelinas tornaram-se comercialmente viáveis, devido a sua expressão universal em plantas, presentes nas diferentes fases de desenvolvimento, desde a germinação até a frutificação...
Este trabalho tem como base temas relacionados a ferramentas de planejamento de recursos como os softwares Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP) e Enterprise Resources Planning (ERP) e Lean. Nesse contexto, a pergunta norteadora é: Como otimizar os recursos humanos e materiais para entregar uma operação com menos riscos de segurança, menos emissões, menos suscetibilidade às condições de flutuação do mercado, lucratividade e competitividade tanto para operadoras quanto para empresas prestadoras de serviços de óleo e gás? O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar os métodos existentes para otimizar o uso de recursos humanos e materiais nas empresas prestadoras de serviços de petróleo e gás para evitar a indisponibilidade de ativos ou suas falhas ao longo do tempo. Para isso, adotou-se como metodologia a revisão bibliográfica e um exemplo de uma empresa prestadora de serviços criada por meio de outro artigo como estudo de caso. Como conclusão tem-se uma proposição de melhores práticas e um processo metódico que pode ser utilizado diretamente no planejamento de recursos de outras indústrias.
Utilização do sistema ERP para gestão do lead time necessário para manutenção de ferramentais em uma FerramentariaUsing the ERP system to manage the time required to maintain tooling in a tool room
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