Background: Dengue infection transmitted by Aedes aegypti is endemic in India. Environmental changes and lack of awareness result in increase in transmission of dengue infection and rise in dengue outbreaks. The present study was conducted to determine the knowledge of dengue infection and practices towards dengue prevention among a rural population in Kancheepuram district of Tamil Nadu.Methods:The study was cross sectional study, conducted in Kadambadi village of Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu. The study was conducted among 224 study participants from June - August 2016. Systematic random sampling was followed for selecting the houses. A pretested, semi structured questionnaire was used. Significance of difference in proportions (qualitative variables) was calculated using Chi square test. Significance of p value was taken as p< 0.05.Results: Among the study participants, 210 (93.7%) heard about dengue infection. Fifty percent of participants responded correctly the symptoms of dengue infection. 89% responded correctly that dengue is transmitted by Aedes mosquito. Around 40% of the participants had correct knowledge about the breeding habitat and biting habit of Aedes mosquito. Study participants use various methods - mosquito coils (63.4%), mosquito nets (14.7%) for mosquito bite prevention. 24.1% does not follow any method of mosquito bite prevention.Conclusions:Though majority of the study participants heard about dengue symptoms and mosquito transmitting dengue infection, less than half were aware about breeding habits of Aedes mosquito and 25% did not follow any method of mosquito bite prevention practices. Community awareness is a key role in improvising dengue prevention practices.
BACKGROUND: Knowledge of medical students about research has been little explored. Although there has been a practice of medical research among undergraduate level, the practice is not universal and there have been potential barriers and difficulties in carrying out the research. The present study was done to find the perception and attitude toward medical research and to assess the practices and potential barriers in carrying out medical research. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 344 medical school students of a medical college in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, in 2018. Systematic random sampling was used. The study tool was self-administered questionnaire including questions on knowledge, barrier, and 5-point Likert scale for assessing attitude. Adequate knowledge (>70% correct answers) and positive attitude (>25 score) were considered. RESULTS: Among the 344 study participants, only 127 (36.9%) of students had adequate knowledge and 68 (19.8%) had positive attitude toward medical research. Regarding practice of research, only 34.3% had conducted a research and only 17.4% had published in journals. Difficulty in choosing topic, difficulty in collecting data, and allocation of time amidst academic activities were considered as a barrier by 41.6%, 40.7%, and 45.9%, respectively. Association of adequate knowledge and practice was statistically significant for age ( P = 0.000), gender ( P = 0.000), and academic year ( P = 0.000). CONCLUSION: Adequate knowledge and positive attitude were lacking in majority of students. Barriers could be addressed by support programs and sensitization toward research.
The currently advocated rabies post-exposure prophylaxis regimens are of one month duration with reduced patient compliance. WHO recommended research on shortened vaccination regimens which have a practical and economic advantage over the existing regimens. Hence, the present study was undertaken to assess the safety and immunogenicity of 2 WHO prequalified rabies vaccines administered by one week, 4 site intra dermal regimen (4-4-4-0-0) in animal bite cases. This study was a comparative, open label, phase III, randomized clinical trial conducted at Anti rabies clinic, KIMS Hospital, Bangalore, India. The study was registered in Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI) bearing the registration number CTRI/2012/12/003230. Ninety subjects with category II/III animal bites/exposures were enrolled. Equine rabies immunoglobulin was administered to all category III exposures. 0.1 mL of either purified chick embryo cell vaccine (Rabipur) or purified verocell rabies vaccine (Verorab) was administered intradermally into 4 sites on days 0, 3 and 7 to all the study subjects. Serum of subjects collected on day 0, 14, 90 and 365 were analyzed for rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) concentration. The incidence of ADR in Rabipur and Verorab group was 2.96% and 1.14% respectively. In Rabipur group, geometric mean concentration (95% confidence interval) of RVNA was 14.5 (13.50, 15.57), 11.78 (11.27, 12.31) and 5.95 (5.50, 6.44) IU/mL on days 14, 90 and 365 respectively; In Verorab group geometric mean concentration (95% confidence interval) of RVNA was 14. 43 (13.41, 15.53), 11.93 (11.47, 12.40) and 5.67 (5.29, 6.08) IU/mL on days 14, 90 and 365 respectively. In conclusion, Rabipur and Verorab were found to be safe, immunogenic and comparable with each other, when administered using one week, 4 site intradermal regimen (4-4-4-0-0) in animal bite cases.
Background: Knowledge of tuberculosis has recognized as important tool to prevent the occupational risk of contracting tuberculosis among the medical students. Though tuberculosis health education has been recognized in the medical college’s curriculum, the studies suggest the lack of knowledge of this killer disease among the medical students. This study was conducted with objective to assess level of knowledge of tuberculosis among the medical students and impact of education intervention on their knowledge.Methods: A quasi experimental study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Chennai from January to March 2019 with a sample size of 119. The participants were assessed using a pre-tested, semi- structured questionnaire. An educational intervention was given through audio visual aid and post-test was conducted after one month. The median scores were calculated and Wilcoxon signed ranks test was applied.Results: Among the study participants, the mean age was 20.32±0.7 years. There was a significant improvement in the adequate knowledge of etiology, risk factors, clinical features and treatment following health education intervention. The post-test median score was statistically significant in all the domains of knowledge.Conclusions: The study showed poor existing knowledge of tuberculosis among the medical students which improved with an educational intervention which implies a need to revamp the undergraduate curriculum to improve the knowledge and practices among medical students.
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