A facile preparation of arylmethyl and heteroarylmethyl phosphonate esters was achieved involving a Lewis acid mediated Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction at room temperature. Interaction of arylmethyl halides/alcohols with triethyl phosphite in the presence of Lewis acid at room temperature afforded phosphonate esters in good yields.

A number of derivatives of 1,3-dithienylbenzo[c]thiophene have been synthesized. The mono- and dicarboxaldehydes have been elaborated to give new vinylenes and cyanovinylenes. β-Dodecyl- and hexyl-substituted analogues have been prepared. Results from cyclic voltammetric investigation as well as fluorescence studies are reported.

The endogenous estrogen metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol has modest antimitotic activity that may result from a weak interaction at the colchicine binding site of tubulin, but it nevertheless has in vivo antitumor activity. Synthetic efforts to improve activity led to compounds that increased inhibitory effects on cell growth, tubulin polymerization, and binding of colchicine to tubulin. This earlier work was directed at modifications in the steroid A ring, which is probably analogous to the colchicine tropolonic C ring. One of the most active analogs prepared was 2-ethoxyestradiol (2EE). We report here that different modifications in the steroid B ring of 2EE yield compounds with two apparently distinct modes of action. Simple expansion of the B ring to seven members resulted in a compound comparable to 2EE in its ability to inhibit tubulin polymerization and colchicine binding to tubulin. Acetylation of the hydroxyl groups in this analog and in 2EE essentially abolished these inhibitory properties. The introduction of a ketone functionality at C6, together with acetylation of the hydroxyls at positions 3 and 17, produced a compound with activity similar to that of paclitaxel, in that the agent enhanced tubulin polymerization into polymers that were partially stable at 0 degrees C. The acetyl group at C17, but not that at C3, was essential for this paclitaxel-like activity.

In the title compound, C16H15NO3S, the plane of the phenyl ring forms a dihedral angle of 80.37 (8)° with the indole ring system. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds which link the mol­ecules into infinite chains along the a axis of the crystal.

A series of new analogues of 2-methoxyestradiol (1) were synthesized to further elucidate the relationships between structure and activity. The compounds were designed to diminish the potential for metabolic deactivation at positions 2 and 17 and were analyzed as inhibitors of tubulin polymerization and for cytotoxicity. 17alpha-methyl-beta-estradiol (30), 2-propynyl-17alpha-methylestradiol (39), 2-ethoxy-17-(1'-methylene)estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol (50) and 2-ethoxy-17alpha-methylestradiol (51) showed similar or greater tubulin polymerization inhibition than 2-methoxyestradiol (1) and contained moieties that are expected to inhibit deactivating metabolic processes. All of the compounds tested were cytotoxic in the panel of 55 human cancer cell cultures, and generally, the derivatives that displayed the most activity against tubulin were also the most cytotoxic.

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Tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq3), which is the most widely used material in organic electroluminescent devices, has been synthesized. Alq3 thin films have been deposited on glass and silicon substrates. The influence of light exposure on the optical properties of Alq3 thin films has been studied. It is confirmed that the photoluminescence (PL) of Alq3 thin film originates from its two geometrical isomers, namely, facial and meridional, which result from PL decay analysis (biexponential fit). It is also confirmed that the PL from both the isomers decreases for increasing light exposure time leading to the creation of luminescent quencher in Alq3 thin film.