Though investigations
have been made on several metal chalcogenides in hydrogen evolution
reactions (HERs) and hydrogen oxidation reactions (HORs), antimony
sulfide (Sb2S3) has not generated much attention.
In this direction, the present work reports on the synthesis of N,
Ru codoped pellet drum bundle-like antimony sulfide (Sb2S3) via a simple reflux method. Subsequent HER and HOR
electrocatalytic investigations in 1 M KOH revealed their suitability
as an efficient and inexpensive alternative to platinum, as is evident
from the overpotential (72 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm–2), Tafel slope (193 mV/decade), exchange current density
(1.42 mA/cm2), and breakdown potential at ∼0.6 V
vs RHE, respectively. Such remarkable HER and HOR performance of N,
Ru codoped Sb2S3 could be ascribed to the presence
of relatively larger active sites compared to Sb2S3 and N-doped Sb2S3 individually due
to synergistic effects arising from N and Ru dopants. Further, N,
Ru codoped Sb2S3 demonstrated high intrinsic
catalytic activity as indicated by its turnover frequency (2.03 s–1) and current loss, corresponding to 35% after 10
h of continuous amperometric i–t operation. Alternatively, such excellent catalytic performance of
N, Ru codoped Sb2S3 arises due to geometric
lattice defects with surface oxygen vacancy, and the availability
of abundant edges and its pellet drum-like morphology also cannot
be overruled.
Molybdenum-based materials have attracted
considerable attention
for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction
(OER) as potential alternatives to noble materials. In view of this,
the present work is focused on the synthesis of mixed-phase (2H/1T)
molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) using a simple facile hydrothermal
method followed by its impregnation with CuO and doping with ruthenium.
The nanostructured Ru-doped CuO/MoS2 (MSCR) prepared in
this manner has been characterized and studied for HER and OER in
an alkaline medium. The MSCR catalyst showed overpotentials of ∼198
mV, 201 mV, and 1.68 V to achieve 10 mA/cm2 current density
in HER, OER, and overall water splitting. respectively. Tafel slopes
of MSCR in HER (113 mV dec–1) and OER (229 mV dec–1) were found to be comparable enough to those of Pt/C
and Ir/C, respectively. Such lower overpotentials and Tafel slopes
arise as a consequence of proliferated electrochemical active surface
area; different electronic couplings of molybdenum, copper, and ruthenium;
abundant vacancies and defects; homogeneous distribution of copper
oxide; higher conductivity of the structure; and unique ultrathin
3d flowerlike morphology.
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