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Emerging markets have received considerable attention for foreign investment and international diversification due to the possibility of higher earnings and a low level of integration with global equity markets. These high returns often need to be balanced by the high liquidity costs of trading in illiquid emerging markets. Several studies have shown that central bank and government policies are significant determinants of market liquidity. We investigate the influence of monetary and fiscal policy variables on the market and firm level liquidity of eight emerging stock markets of Asia. Using four different (il)liquidity measures and nine macroeconomic variables, we find that changes in the money supply, government expenditure and private borrowing significantly affect stock market liquidity. Illiquidity is also strongly affected by the bank rate, short-term interest rate and government borrowing. We demonstrate that 'crowding out' and 'cost of funds' effects exist in these markets. Other major findings are that some markets are more sensitive to local macroeconomic news than world factors, the impact on size based portfolios largely depends on the instruments used by the central banks and government, the liquidity of the manufacturing sector is affected by changes in any policy variables, financial institutions are only influenced by monetary policy variables, and the service sector is least affected.

Private equity (PE) exit strategy is important for investors as a planned and effective exit strategy improves the chance of realizing higher profit. In this paper, we examine how PE exit strategies are being affected by the on-going global pandemic. The current COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented exogenous shocks to nearly every economy and it is important to see how this uncertainty affects economic activities such as the PE exit decision. Using 20 years of PE fund data from across 79 countries, we find that the current COVID-19 global pandemic has significantly affected the PE exit decision and the effect is stronger than that of the recent financial crisis. Out of all the exit strategies, acquisition is the most popular, and COVID-19 exerts a significant negative impact on the others. We also find that COVID-19 has negatively affected deal values across all the exit strategies, limiting the profit potential for investors. Moreover, the paper provides evidence that PE investors tend to wait for a good time to exit rather than rushing to exit during an uncertain time such as this global pandemic. Our results are robust for various alternative econometric specifications.

Islami Bank is a Financial Institution, whose statutes, rules and procedures expressly state its commitment to the Principles of Islamic Shari'ah and to the banning of the receipt and payment of interest on any of its operation. There were plenty of previous studies but all of them were conducted by finding relationships of the factors that led to choosing Islamic Banking based on different demographics like age group, religious ethnicity, education level etc. This topic was chosen because the relationship of the most influential factor and gender was not studied in an extensive manner. For this study, an online survey and a real-time survey were conducted on the existing customers of Islamic Banks; the sample size of the study was 60. In the study an effort was made to find out what is the most influential factor that encourages people towards Islamic Banking. Moreover, efforts were also made to find out what are the factors that influence the male and female customers separately. Analyses were done with the help of charts and IBM SPSS 25.0 and it was found that Religious Preference was the factor that influenced most customers towards Islamic Banking as a whole and irrespective of gender. Islamic Banks should work hard and ensure that people don't choose them for religious belief alone but because of the quality of services of the Islamic Banks.

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The impact of macroeconomic variables on the economic growth of Bangladesh is investigated in this study by considering GDP growth (GDP) as the representative of economic growth. In addition, inflation (INF), real interest rate (INT), exchange rate (EXR), and household consumption expenditures growth (HCE) are selected to represent the macroeconomic variables for the period of 1987-2015. Correlation and multiple regression analysis are conducted to evaluate the data. In correlation analysis, it is found that GDP has positive correlation with all the variables except INT. In regression analysis, GDP is selected as the dependent variable and INF, INT, EXR, and HCE are considered as the independent variables. It is observed that the independent variables explained 75.60% of the variability of GDP and the relationship is also found statistically significant at 95% confidence level. Therefore, this study has concluded that macroeconomic variables have significant effect on the economic growth of Bangladesh.

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