Biodegradable plastics adalah plastik yang memiliki sifat ramah lingkungan. Kulit pisang candi berpotensi digunakan sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan bioplastik karena mengandung pati sebesar 28,488 %. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh plasticizer (sorbitol) dan filler (kalsium silikat dan clay) terhadap kuat tarik, % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % absorpsi bioplastik. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh, semakin banyak filler clay atau kalsium silikat maka bioplastik memiliki kuat tarik yang besar dan % elongasi yang semakin kecil. Semakin banyak clay yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar daya absorpsi terhadap air, namun semakin banyak kalsium silikat yang ditambahkan maka semakin kecil daya absorpsi terhadap air. Semakin banyak filler kalsium silikat dan clay maka semakin kecil % biodegradasi bioplastik. Semakin banyak jumlah sorbitol yang ditambahkan maka semakin besar % elongasi, % biodegradasi dan % water absorption namun semakin kecil % kuat tarik. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler kalsium silikat memiliki kuat tarik antara 4,11-22,08 Mpa, % elongasi antara 2,17%-57,95%, % water absorption antara 67,26%-120% dan %biodegradasi antara 0,61%-19,22%. Bioplastik dengan penambahan filler clay memiliki kuat tarik antara 2,38-14,05 Mpa, %elongasi antara 2,11%-46,24%, % water absorption antara 79,07%-150,67% dan %biodegradasi antara 1,17%-34,54%.Biodegradable plastics is plastic which has environmentally properties. Candi banana peels potential to be used as a basic material for making bioplastics because it contains 28,488% starch. The aims of our research is to determine the effect of plasticizer (sorbitol) and filler (calcium silicate and clay) on tensile strength, elongation (%), biodegradation (%) and bioplastic absorption (%). Based on the result, the more amount of calcium silicate or clay filler added, the larger tensile strength and the smaller % elongation. The more amount of clay added, the greater absorption capacity of water, but the more calcium silicate added, the smaller absorption capacity of water. The more amount calcium silicate filler added, the smaller the biodegradation of bioplastic, but in the data based on clay filler, % biodegradation decreased. The more amount of sorbitol added, the greater % elongation, % biodegradation and % water absorption, but the smaller % tensile strength. Bioplastics with calcium silicate as filler has tensile strength between 4.11-22.08 Mpa, % elongation between 2.17% -57.95%, % water absorption between 67.26% -120% and % biodegradation between 0.61-19.22%. Bioplastics with clay as filler has tensile strength between 2.38-14.05 MPa, % elongation between 2.11%-46.24%, % water absorption between 79.07%-150.67% and % biodegradation between 1,17% -34.54%.
The production process in the gondorukem industry produces solid waste in the form of litter, twigs, and pine tree leaves. In this study, solid waste from the gondorukem industry was processed into activated carbon as an adsorbent to improve the color quality of the gondorukem. The workings of this research include carbonizing solid waste in a combustion tube until it becomes charcoal, then the charcoal is ground and sieved using a -16 + 28 mesh sieve. Furthermore, activation was carried out based on the type of activator, namely sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), with concentrations according to the independent variables, namely 0.3 M, 0.6 M, 0.9 M, 1.2 M, and 1.5 M for 24 hours. After that, assays were carried out on activated carbon samples which included; water content assay, ash content assay, and iodine number assay. The results of the best solid waste activated carbon using an hydrochloric acid (HCl) activator with a concentration of 0.3 M, which has been compared with SNI 06-3730-1995, produces 3% water content, 17% ash content, and 3046.32 mg/g iodine number. The result of the gondorukem color that has been treated and batch distilled produces a color value of 10.6, which is physically brownish red and still, does not meet gondorukem color standards.
Chromium (VI) is an ionic heavy metal which has to be handled properly when dissolved in water due to its toxicity, corosive, carsinogenic activity.. According to the State Minister for Population and Environment's regulation, the quality standards of waste water, which is allowed to be discharge on surface water contains Cr(VI) is 0.05-1 mg/L. This research used benzoic acid which is a kind of organic acid to reduce Cr(VI) content in water. Benzoic acid has an active carboxyl group which interact this metal. This paper, the elimination of Cr(VI) using benzoic acid is undertaken through pH adjustment by regulating with phosphoric acid. The result showed the best condition to reducing Cr(VI) content 41.99% when 400 ppm of benzoic acid and pH 7 was applied, respectively.
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