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El jaguar (Panthera onca) y el puma (Puma concolor) en México son especies simpátricas y presentan similitud ecológica. El entendimiento de las interacciones interespecíficas entre estas especies es importante para la elaboración de estrategias efectivas de conservación. Se estudiaron los patrones de actividad del jaguar, el puma y sus presas potenciales, a través del análisis de las fotografías obtenidas en cuatro temporadas de foto-trampeo en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra-Tanchipa (RBSAT), San Luis Potosí, México. Se describieron los patrones de actividad de 12 especies de fauna, el grado de sobreposición en la actividad del jaguar y el puma; y su relación con la actividad de sus presas. Ambos felinos presentaron actividad catemeral con traslape en sus patrones de actividad. La actividad del jaguar está relacionada significativamente con la actividad de ocho especies de presas; la actividad del puma no se relacionó con la actividad de ninguna presa. Los picos de actividad de ambos felinos sugieren que la separación temporal es una estrategia para minimizar los de encuentros interespecíficos que permite la coexistencia de varios individuos en reservas pequeñas.

Introduction: From different ecological approaches, the coati (Nasua narica) is an important procyonid. Its distribution extends from southern of the United States to Colombia. IUCN (2013) considered it as Least Concern, but in Mexico is not considered under any category of protection due to its wide distribution. Despite this, there is poor knowledge about their population status and current distribution, especially in the northeastern region of the country, where in the last 30 years there have been important changes in land use. The landscape variability that establishes the limit of physiographic subprovinces (PSP) has implications for the availability and quality of habitat for many species, and so this criterion was used. The objective of this study was to estimate the coati potential distribution in four physiographic subprovinces in Northeastern Mexico. Methodology: This study was conducted in northeastern Mexico, on the PSP: Gran Sierra Plegada (GSP), Carso Huasteco (CH); Llanuras y Lomeríos (LL) and Llanura Costera Tamaulipeca (LCT). From estimates the potential distribution was used historical and recent records and 26 predictive variables. The records were obtained from online base dates and articles, and field wok from 2006-2012. This information was analyzed with Maxent algorithm version 3.3.3k (Phillips 2013), obtaining binary maps (presence-absence) using ArcMap 9.3 (ESRI 2006). The potential distribution, as a percentage of the total area, was calculated. Results: We used 110 historical and recent records. Of these, 39 were obtained from databases and 71 fieldwork. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed a value of area under the curve (AUC) of 0.966 ± 0.005. Precipitation, vegetation type, vegetation cover, altitude, slope and temperature were the most relevant variables in explaining the potential distribution model we obtained, with contribution of 70% (Table 2). The potential distribution of coati covers 19.56% of the study area. The greatest distribution areas were found in the PSP's: GSP and CH, followed by LL and LCT. Discussion and conclusions: Coati records for northeastern Mexico were found within a wide range of environmental conditions. Historical records obtained from databases are useful for the modeling of potential distribution, but it is essential to include current records (Pliscoff and Fuentes-Castillo 2011). According to ROC analysis, the model provided a good prediction. The environmental variables that explained the potential of coati distribution are similar to those mentioned in various studies as it is a species adapted to a wide range of altitude, temperature and precipitation. The PSP, GSP and CH met continuity of potential distribution. Despite this, the feasible area for the potential distribution of this species is greatly reduced, and the landscape in general was very fragmented. This fragmentation is a risk for long term viability of coati populations in Northeastern Mexico. It is proposed to establish management plans that combine agricultural ...

The margay (Leopardus wiedii, Schinz 1821) is a small Neotropical cat that is native with distribution from South America into Northeastern Mexico. This species is now threatened by illegal hunting and habitat destruction and, in Northeastern Mexico, their habitat has been fragmented and population sizes have been dramatically reduced. We use the MaxEnt algorithm to model the potential distribution of this elusive species, based on trustable presence records and information about their habitat condition. The aim of this study was to estimate the potential distribution of margays in Northeastern Mexico. We determined potential distribution in the physiographic subprovinces (PSP) of Llanuras y Lomerios, Gran Sierra Plegada and Carso Huasteco. A model was generated using recent and historical records through the MaxEnt algorithm. We used four records from online databases, 36 from literature and 13 from our own fieldwork, as well as 27 predictive variables: 19 associated with climate, two with land use and vegetation type, four associated with topography and two with anthropogenic effects. Seven variables contributed to over 90 % of the distribution model and were highly predictive (AUC = 0.964). The potential distribution of margay represents 9.0 % (7,607 km 2 ) of the area, which is highly fragmented. The PSP Gran Sierra Plegada and Carso Huasteco showed the widest distribution range. The four most relevant variables were: precipitation of the most humid quarter, vegetation type, and both altitude and topographic indexes. We applied species distribution modeling by incorporating recent information collected through fieldwork and surveys as well as historical records in order to predict the margay's potential distribution in Northeastern Mexico. We obtained a robust model based on the most relevant bioclimatic and landscape variables. The landscape in this region is highly fragmented and the largest continuous areas were located in the roughest and inaccessible landscape of the mountainous localities of Gran Sierra Plegada and Carso Huasteco, where an important portion of these PSP maintains continuity in the area of the potential distribution of the margay. Very little is known of the status and abundance of the margay and this study complements our current knowledge of this species in Northeastern Mexico and provides important information regarding the quality of the habitat in this portion of the country. There are several current threats that are being caused by changes in land use in Northeastern Mexico and other parts of their distribution, and this information is essential to establish conservation plans for this species and their habitat. More studies assessing potential distribution throughout their range are needed to support adequate conservation efforts.El tigrillo o margay (Leopardus wiedii, Schinz 1821) es un pequeño felino Neotropical nativo con distribución desde Suramérica hasta el noreste de México. Esta especie se encuentra amenazada por cacería ilegal y por la destrucción de su hábitat. En el n...

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Objetivo. determinar el estado poblacional de los mamíferos terrestres en dos áreas naturales protegidas del Corredor Ecológico de la Sierra Madre Oriental en San Luis Potosí, México. Diseño/metodología/aproximación. el estudio de campo se realizó en dos temporadas de muestreo (agosto de 2014 a enero de 2015 y de agosto 2015 a febrero 2016) en las que se utilizaron dos técnicas no invasivas (foto trampas e identificación de rastros). Se obtuvo el Índice de Abundancia Relativa para cada método. Se realizó la prueba no paramétrica U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados. las especies más abundantes vía foto trampeo fueron Sylvilagus floridanus y Sciurus aureogaster y con rastros Odocoileus virginianus y Mazama temama en la RBSAT y la RFX, respectivamente. Hubo diferencias significativas en la abundancia de especies entre sitios, siendo menor en la RBSAT por foto trampeo y mayor por rastros. Se registraron 20 especies por foto trampeo y 17 con rastros. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones. los resultados de este estudio pueden usarse en áreas naturales protegidas y sus áreas de influencia, así como, en otros lugares. Hallazgos/conclusiones. con base a la información generada se sugiere que la abundancia de carnívoros decrece hacia el sur, y que la RFX eventualmente pudiese no sostener una población de carnívoros a largo plazo. En ambas áreas se encontraron especies listadas en alguna categoría de riesgo, por lo que estas áreas deben ser conservadas para evitar su desaparición