The movement of visitors in nature areas is influenced by a variety of factors that consist of aggregated characteristics such as the average number of visitors to a park, different types of visitors, and their typical destinations, as well as individual characteristics of an individual vistor's expectations, motivations, activities, duration of stay, and trip itineraries. Therefore, it is important to simulate an overall picture of a visitor movement (macroscopic level) according to his individual physical mobility and cognitive capabilities (microscopic level). Most recreational simulation models have been developed to deal with one specific level in particular. In this paper we describe an integrated multilevel modelling approach for the prediction of visitor movement in nature areas. At the macroscopic level, a visitor movement is represented by a movement surface which follows the analogy of the flow of water in gravity models. In contrast, our model also belongs to the microscopic category, where visitors interact with their movement surface by making a sequence of decisions according to utility measures, which in turn generates their individual trajectories. The model was implemented for the simulation of the visitor movements within the Dwingelderveld National Park, which is located in the northern part of the Netherlands. Finally, the main outcomes and limitations of such a modelling approach are discussed.
RESUMENEn este trabajo se aborda el análisis de la toponimia urbana como herramienta de información geográfica. En este sentido se propone una serie de técnicas toponímicas para el reconocimiento y la puesta en valor de la información que proporciona la toponimia en el marco urbano. El uso de observación de campo, derivas urbanas, mapas mentales y encuestas enfocado al análisis de la toponimia urbana desde una perspectiva crítica, facilita una información muy valiosa en el análisis urbano. A partir de la presentación de algunos casos de estudio, se pone de relieve la necesidad de afrontar el análisis de la toponimia desde una metodología múltiple.Palabras clave: toponimia urbana, análisis geográfico, técnicas toponímicas.
ABSTRACTIn this work urban toponymy analysis as a geographic information tool is addressed. Some techniques for the recognition and valuation of the information provided by place names in urban frame are proposed. The use of field work, urban derives, mental maps and surveys focused on the analysis of urban toponymy from a critical scope, provides very useful information in urban analysis. Some case studies are presented, through which it is highlighted the importance of analyzing toponymy from a multimethodological perspective.
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