Background: Given the importance of primary care to healthcare systems and population health, it seems crucial to identify factors that contribute to the quality of primary care. Professional satisfaction has been linked with quality of primary care. Physician dissatisfaction is considered a risk factor for burnout and leaving medicine.Objectives: This study explored factors associated with professional satisfaction in seven European countries.Methods: A survey was conducted among primary care physicians. Estonia, Finland, Germany and Hungary used a web-based survey, Italy and Lithuania a telephone survey, and Spain face to face interviews. Sociodemographic information (age, sex), professional experience and qualifications (years since graduation, years of experience in general practice), organizational variables related to primary care systems and satisfaction were included in the final version of the questionnaire. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the factors associated with satisfaction among physicians.Results: A total of 1331 primary care physicians working in primary care services responded to the survey. More than half of the participants were satisfied with their work in primary care services (68.6%). We found significant associations between satisfaction and years of experience (OR = 1.01), integrated network of primary care centres (OR = 2.8), patients having direct access to specialists (OR = 1.3) and professionals having access to data on patient satisfaction (OR = 1.3). Public practice, rather than private practice, was associated with lower primary care professional satisfaction (OR = 0.8).Conclusion: Elements related to the structure of primary care are associated with professional satisfaction. At the individual level, years of experience seems to be associated with higher professional satisfaction.
RESUMENEn España la publicidad se encuentm regulada desde un punto de vista legislativo, a fin de evitar posibles malos usos de la misma. Aquella referida al tabaco está también sometida a esta regulación, habiéndose adaptado a ella las empresas del sector a través de nuevas estrategias. En el presente tmbajo se analizan las restricciones legales vigentes en España respecto a esta publicidad, junto a algunas de esas estrategias desarrolladas por las compañías tabaqueras para tratar de eludir las mismas. En este sentido, a pesar del marco legislativo vigente, se constata que en el terreno de la publicidad del tabaco sigue habiendo determinados varíos legules que son hábilmente aprovechados por la industria tabaquerA para promocionar sus productos.Palabrds clave: Publicidad. Tabaco. Política. Legislación
ABSTRACT Tobacco Advertising in the Context of Tobacco Control Legislation and Tobacco Industry Strategy in SpainPublicity is legally regulated in Spain, in order to avoid its misuse. Tobacco publicity is also under those regulation, having had the companies operating in this sector to adapt themselves through new strategies. In this work, the legal restrictions existing in Spain regarding publicity are analyzed, together with some of the strategies developed by tobacco companies in arder to elude them. In this sense, and despite of the existing legal framework, it should be noticed that tobacco companies are cleverly taking advantage of the existence of legal loopholes in tobacco publicity to promote their products.
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