Background The rapid spread of COVID-19 renewed the focus on how health systems across the globe are financed, especially during public health emergencies. Development assistance is an important source of health financing in many low-income countries, yet little is known about how much of this funding was disbursed for COVID-19. We aimed to put development assistance for health for COVID-19 in the context of broader trends in global health financing, and to estimate total health spending from 1995 to 2050 and development assistance for COVID-19 in 2020. Methods We estimated domestic health spending and development assistance for health to generate total health-sector spending estimates for 204 countries and territories. We leveraged data from the WHO Global Health Expenditure Database to produce estimates of domestic health spending. To generate estimates for development assistance for health, we relied on project-level disbursement data from the major international development agencies' online databases and annual financial statements and reports for information on income sources. To adjust our estimates for 2020 to include disbursements related to COVID-19, we extracted project data on commitments and disbursements from a broader set of databases (because not all of the data sources used to estimate the historical series extend to 2020), including the UN Office of Humanitarian Assistance Financial Tracking Service and the International Aid Transparency Initiative. We reported all the historic and future spending estimates in inflation-adjusted 2020 US$, 2020 US$ per capita, purchasing-power parity-adjusted US$ per capita, and as a proportion of gross domestic product. We used various models to generate future health spending to 2050. Findings In 2019, health spending globally reached $8·8 trillion (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 8·7–8·8) or $1132 (1119–1143) per person. Spending on health varied within and across income groups and geographical regions. Of this total, $40·4 billion (0·5%, 95% UI 0·5–0·5) was development assistance for health provided to low-income and middle-income countries, which made up 24·6% (UI 24·0–25·1) of total spending in low-income countries. We estimate that $54·8 billion in development assistance for health was disbursed in 2020. Of this, $13·7 billion was targeted toward the COVID-19 health response. $12·3 billion was newly committed and $1·4 billion was repurposed from existing health projects. $3·1 billion (22·4%) of the funds focused on country-level coordination and $2·4 billion (17·9%) was for supply chain and logistics. Only $714·4 million (7·7%) of COVID-19 development assistance for health went to Latin America, despite this region reporting 34·3% of total recorded COVID-19 deaths in low-income or middle-income countries in 2020. Spending on health is expected to rise to $1519 (1448–1591) per person in 2050, although spending across countries is expected to remain varied. Interpretatio...

No abstract

The present study aims to analyze some perceptions and suggestions of the academics regarding the application of these methodologies in a Physiotherapy course. The first two levels of the Kirkpatrick model were used, applying devices such as self-assessment questionnaires. The sample consisted of 83 college students. It was concluded that the application of active teaching-learning methodologies facilitates group work and attends to students' expectations of learning about the subject, however, it is necessary to adapt some steps, especially the strategy so that there is no doubt for students in the end of the process.

The present work aims to review the panorama of studies related to spirituality and health published in the last 5 years (2015 - 2019), in addition to synthesizing and discussing the main conclusions about the theme. The integrative review was used for data collection and analysis using the Scientific Eletronic Library Online platform - SCIELO, the descriptors "health" and "spirituality" were used, including articles published in the Portuguese, totaling 14. Five categories emerged from the categorization process: spirituality and mental health; spirituality and palliative care; spirituality as a discipline in health care courses; spirituality and workplace; and spirituality and integrative and complementary health practices. Spirituality has stood out as a positive and protective factor in mental health and palliative care, and as a positive factor to be deepened in health courses and encouraged in the workplace.