In this work the influence of some process variable on drying rate of henna leaves was studied. For this reason, henna leaves were dried (1 m/s) with and without ultrasound application at three temperatures, 40, 50 and 60 °C. As can be expected, the higher the temperature the faster the drying process. Ultrasound application increase drying rate at every temperature tested. Drying kinetics were modeled by using different experimental models. Weibull model provided the best fit for henna leaves drying kinetics. Keywords:Ultrasonic; Weibull model; henna leave;, temperature.
This paper proposes a Hospital Information System architecture based on the new XML (extensible Markup Language) standard for structured data transmission inInternet. The proposed approach has been applied to upgrading an existing electrocardiography database, and the methodology utilized is documented. An Object oriented medical data model is defined using XML. A number of services are provided in a clientherver website environment developed by the use of XML, XSL (extensible Stylesheet Language), Javascript and Java applets. Attractive system features are decentralization, since local data processing and bi-directional communication are granted, compatibility ofered by the use of web standards world-wide accepted like the HTTP protocol, expandability using emerging Internet and multimedia technologies, and easy migration from previous systems of data interchange. IntroductionInformation systems technology has overcome a major step forward with the development of XML as standard data interchange format for Internet. Hospital Information Systems (HIS), for which the variety of data types is very large and also the need of bi-directional data exchange, can largely benefit fiom the advantages offered by this new technology. The new standard will allow the transmission of highly structured data using standard HTTP protocol instead of proprietary solutions, which sometimes do not allow for compatibility. This paper reports on the implementation of an electrocardiography database website based on an existing ecg database which has been upgraded using the novel XML technology. The advantages of the new approach are outlighted, whilst the upgrade methodology utilized is documented. The proposed system architecture addresses the following goals: To allow local processing of the data without requiring a centralized server providing all the system intelligence. To provide bi-directional data flow between server and client, including real-time monitoring capabilities. To adapt the data so that compatibility with other systems is provided, and to allow for remote access.This approach leads to a simplified and more efficient organization of the interrelation between the different data inputs of the hospital, including administrative records, electronic medical records (EMR), and diagnosis information. The implementation of tools and applications capable of providing an enhanced use of the information available is largely simplified, and the feasibility of future extension of the system through the use of emerging technologies is ascertained. ArchitectureCommon web-based approaches (see figure 1) usually consist of data transmission in HTML format fiom a centralized server to a client with low intelligence. The lack of structure of the transmitted data limits the system performance, and to overcame this restriction parallel non HTTP data transmission and processing is addedThe need of data interchange between different functional sections (administrative, clinical, labs, etc) and also the link with other hospitals and medical...
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