Several mechanisms may influence recovery and act as a complementary intervention to regenerative medicine. One area of consideration that may improve clinical outcomes in patients receiving regenerative medicine treatments is the utilization of supplementary interventions referred to as regenerative rehabilitation. One such intervention may be the use of light therapy also known as photobiomodulation (PBM). Terms synonymous with PBM include low-level light therapy (LLLT), low-power laser irradiation or cold laser. As a musculoskeletal intervention, PBM is administered via a mechanism that creates light through optical amplification. These interventions describe a form of PBM or light therapy that uses specific param-eters to target tissues through direct or indirect contact with or without heat or structural tissue alterations. PBM may improve treatment outcomes based on synergistic effects that are thought to modulate inflammation and facilitate cellular repair. This manuscript provides an overview of the current evidence supporting the use of PBM as a complementary intervention to regenerative medicine with a focus on managing conditions related to the musculoskeletal system.
Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is commonly used to treat pain; however, little is know about the effects of age on outcomes of the treatment. Participants included community dwelling adults (22 females, 9 males) with a mean age of 55 (n=31, range 29 to 77 years). Prior to participation, physical therapist examined each subject to determine appropriateness for treatment with LLLT. Following the examination, subjects received 12 sessions of LLLT using a Class 3B laser device. Intervention was administered by researchers trained in appropriate application of the intervention. The WALT guidelines and specific anatomical location of pain determined dosage of LLT. The most common site of pain or discomfort was hip and thigh pain (23%). Subjects completed the Patient-Specific functional Scale (PSFS) pre- and post-treatment and used the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) before and after each intervention session. An analysis of the data showed that age was positively correlated (r=xx) and statistically significant (p < 0.05) with changes in both current and worst pain ratings and the first item on the PSFS. Age explained 13.4% of worst pain (p=0.024). Although not statistically significant, age explained 9.2% of the variability in current pain (p =0.054) and 3.9% of variability in patient identified changes in function (p = 0.147). Results suggest that older patients treated with LLLT may experience greater positive changes in pain than younger patients.
Es obvio que un estudio acerca de los antecedentes históricos de las relaciones actuales entre Iglesia y comunidad política en España admite desde el punto de vista metodológico una rica variedad de enfoques. Basta observar Ia complejidad científica de los problemas que el tema encierra para darse cuenta de ello. Se impone, por tanto, una selección de perspectivas que responda a Ia naturaleza y sobre todo, a Ia finalidad del trabajo propuesto que no es otra que Ia de ofrecer algunos criterios históricos que faciliten Ia comprensión del documento de Ia Conferencia Episcopal Española de 23 de enero de 1973 sobre Iglesia y comunidad política. Comprensión que presupone como mínimum Ia inteligencia de dos aspectos del texto episcopal, distintos entre sí, aunque hermenéuticamente complementarios: el contenido doctrinal del documento y su significado histórico dentro del marco general de evolución de las relaciones entre Iglesia y Estado en España. Con esta tarea por delante hemos optado por renunciar a todo intento de exposición cronológica de los hechos políticos y religiosos con que se ha urdido Ia trama de Ia historia contemporánea de las relaciones Iglesia-Estado en nuestro país. Empeño por Io demás utópico, dadas las características y las limitaciones obligadas del presente trabajo. Hemos preferido, en cambio, señalar las líneas de fuerza, tanto ideológicas como institucionales que caracterizan génesis y desarrollo histórico de Io que podríamos llamar el moderno problema de las relaciones de Ia Iglesia con el Estado Español '. Pretendemos, por tanto, esbozar un ensayo de interpretación histórica del tema a Ia luz de Ia historia de Ia Iglesia y, muy especialmente, a Ia luz de Ia historia del derecho canónico 2 .
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