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Darrabie MD, Arciniegas AJ, Mishra R, Bowles DE, Jacobs DO, Santacruz L. AMPK and substrate availability regulate creatine transport in cultured cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 300: E870 -E876, 2011. First published March 1, 2011; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00554.2010.-Profound alterations in myocellular creatine and phosphocreatine levels are observed during human heart failure. To maintain its intracellular creatine stores, cardiomyocytes depend upon a cell membrane creatine transporter whose regulation is not clearly understood. Creatine transport capacity in the intact heart is modulated by substrate availability, and it is reduced in the failing myocardium, likely adding to the energy imbalance that characterizes heart failure. AMPK, a key regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, acts by switching off energy-consuming pathways in favor of processes that generate energy. Our objective was to determine the effects of substrate availability and AMPK activation on creatine transport in cardiomyocytes. We studied creatine transport in rat neonatal cardiomyocytes and HL-1 cardiac cells expressing the human creatine transporter cultured in the presence of varying creatine concentrations and the AMPK activator 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-␤-D-ribonucleoside (AICAR). Transport was enhanced in cardiomyocytes following incubation in creatine-depleted medium or AICAR. The changes in transport were due to alterations in Vmax that correlated with changes in total and cell surface creatine transporter protein content. Our results suggest a positive role for AMPK in creatine transport modulation for cardiomyocytes in culture. myocardial creatine content; cardiac energy metabolism; adenosine 5=-monophosphate-activated protein kinase; cardiac failure CREATINE (Cr) and its phosphorylated form phosphocreatine (PCr), together with creatine kinases (CK), comprise a system that helps maintain ATP stores in cardiac and skeletal myocytes (23). During cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, the myocardium exhibits marked changes in energy metabolism, including changes in substrate utilization, as well as in the content of high-energy metabolites. The PCr/ATP ratio decreases (9,19

The MNA is useful to evaluate factors associated with malnutrition among older adults in Bogotá. Malnutrition is associated with perception of poor health, comorbidities, number of medications, and cognitive impairment.

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Introducción. La declinación funcional produce un amplio espectro de efectos negativos como dificultad para la movilidad, aislamiento social, deterioro de la calidad de vida, discapacidad e institucionalización, lo que hace de la medición de la funcionalidad un marcador importarte de bienestar.Objetivo. Caracterizar y determinar los factores asociados con el deterioro funcional del anciano en Bogotá, Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se utilizaron los datos del Estudio SABE-Bogotá. El estado funcional de los participantes se evaluó usando las escalas de Barthel) y Lawton. Se usaron como variables independientes factores sociodemográficos, comorbilidades, medidas antropométricas y tertiles de actividad física, y se obtuvieron análisis bivariados y multivariados con regresiones lineales.Resultados. Se entrevistaron 2.000 personas de 60 o más años, con una edad promedio de 71,2 ± 8 años. Mayor funcionalidad en actividades instrumentales se asoció con una menor edad: (beta estandarizado: -0,15 (p<0,01)), un menor número de medicamentos (beta: -0,13 (p<0,01)), un mayor puntaje del MMSE (beta: 0,3 (p<0,01)), un mayor nivel de actividad física [tertiles medio beta: 0,18 (p<0,01) y alto beta: 0,18 (p<0,01) vs. tertil-bajo] y una mayor fuerza de prensión (beta: 0,10, p<0,01). Mientras una mayor funcionalidad de actividades básicas se asoció con un mayor puntaje del MMSE (beta: 0,3 (p<0,01)) y una mayor fuerza de prensión (beta: 0,07, p=0,020).Conclusiones. En este estudio, son múltiples los factores relacionados con alteración funcional, los cuales son susceptibles de ser modificados para disminuir la dependencia en este grupo poblacional.