Abstract. The question of efficiency of thin-walled structures contains a number of contradictions. You need to select the best from all the existing structures on the criteria of optimization options. The search is conducted by varying of the parameters at parametric optimization. As a rule the aim of building structure optimization is reducing of material consumption, the labor input and cost. The costs of a particular variant of construction most full describes the given cost. There are two types of optimization parameters -immutable and varying. The result of the optimization of thin-walled beams will be a combination of parameters for each design situation in which provides the required strength and the minimum of the objective function -factory cost of production.
Abstract. Security is a complex problem. It includes the driver's behavior, the features of the vehicle, those of the road and the driving conditions. Security can be approached from the aspect of the vehicle and pavement design, of driving habits, traffic regulation and application of laws. The good coordination of the driver, the vehicle and the road enables for better estimation of the traffic safety relations and interrelations giving the possibilities of improvement of the situation at present and in future. The driver has the main role in the determination of the success or failure of the road system. Over 90% of the accidents are due to improper behavior of people in traffic. Understanding of the human factors is the key factor in the optimal road design and traffic flow. Nevertheless, engineers need more understanding about driving behavior, as they are responsible for road design, for the traffic flow, and for the regulations intended to avoid errors wherever possible. The purpose of this paper is to inform about the current situation both in practice and in the researches of traffic safety, as well as to yield a broader review of the actual traffic safety situation on the roads in Republic of Macedonia.
Abstract. The article discusses coffered slabs. In this paper considered the technology of arrangement of this slabs. Cast-in-place and precast ways of construction of coffered slab are reviewed. Сast-in-place and precast coffered slabs has been analysed in this article. Among other things construction of coffered slabs has an economical and technical advantages.
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