IntroductionAn increase in migration rates to the European Union has been observed over the last few years. Part of these migrants is undocumented. This work aimed to describe the reported frequency of infectious diseases and their associated factors among unselected samples of undocumented migrants in France.MethodologyThe Premier Pas survey is a cross-sectional epidemiological survey of a random sample (two-stage sample design) conducted among undocumented migrants recruited in Paris and the Bordeaux region, in places and facilities likely to be frequented by undocumented migrants. The percentages were weighted. The analysis was performed using Stata 15.1 software.ResultsA total of 1,223 undocumented migrants were recruited from 63 places and facilities, with a participation rate of 50%. Most of them were between 30 and 40 years of age (36%), 69% were men, aged mainly 30–40 (36%) years old, from sub-Saharan Africa (60%) or North Africa (25%), and 60% had arrived <3 years earlier. Among the participants, 24.8% declared a poor perceived health status and 33.5% a chronic health condition. Dental infections concerned 43.2% of the participants. Apart from dental issues, 12.9% reported suffering from at least one infectious disease: HIV infection (3.5%), chronic hepatitis B virus infection (3.1%), upper respiratory tract infection (1.7%), skin mycosis (1.2%), skin and soft tissue infection (0.8%), chronic hepatitis C infection (0.8%), urinary tract infection (0.7%), lower respiratory tract infection (0.7%), scabies (0.3%), tuberculosis disease (0.2%), vaginal mycosis (0.6%), and herpes (0.1%). Regarding HIV, HBV, and HCV infections, 56, 71, and 89%, respectively, were diagnosed after their arrival. Chronic viral infections were more often reported by undocumented migrants from sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. In multivariate analysis, a higher risk of reporting chronic viral infection was observed among people food insecure.ConclusionThis original study on a large random sample confirms the frequency of infectious diseases among undocumented migrants in France and the importance of integrating their screening during a health Rendezvous and their management into early access to care and inclusive medico-psycho-social management.
Dans cet article les auteurs étudient l’impact d’un « choc de santé », c’est-à-dire la survenue brutale d’un accident ayant entraîné un recours aux soins sur la consommation hebdomadaire de tabac, d’alcool ainsi que sur l’Indice de masse corporel (IMC). En utilisant un modèle à effets fixes et des données de panel provenant de la cohorte Gazel, les résultats montrent que le choc de santé a un impact significatif sur ces comportements de santé. Plus précisément, il induit une baisse significative et durable de la consommation de tabac et d’alcool pendant, respectivement, 5 ans et 3 ans, mais n’influence pas l’IMC. Ces résultats sont à mettre en exergue avec ceux des tentatives d’arrêt ou de diminution de la consommation de tabac qui durent, en moyenne, 2,4 mois. Ce qui est 25 fois moins long que la diminution effective suite à un choc de santé. Ainsi, les résultats montrent que subir un choc de santé est un déterminant majeur de la durée de réduction de la consommation de tabac.
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