Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. Breast cancer clinically presents as breast lump.Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and breast ultrasound (sonomammography) is pivotal in characterization of a breast lump as benign and malignant lesion. There is a need to study radiological and cytological correlation of breast lesions with histopathological findings to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of sonomammography and FNAC. Material and Methods: A prospective, quantitative and descriptive study was conducted in the department of Radiology, Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore. Patients who were evaluated for suspicious breast lump with a breast ultrasound, FNAC and biopsy from January 2017 to December 2018 were included in the study. Results: In this study, diagnostic accuracy for breast FNAC (98.7%) was found to be better than that of sonomammography (92.5%). Fine needle aspiration cytology of breast lump plays an important role when it is difficult to determine the nature of breast lump by clinical and radiological examination. In this study breast FNAC was found to have sensitivity of 98.4% and specificity of 95.7%. Sonomammography had a sensitivity of 90.6%and specificity of 97.8. Conclusion: Present study confirms the higher combined sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration cytology in categorisation of breast lump as benign and malignant. USG is better indetection of benign lesions whereas cytology is better in case of malignancies. The triple assessment is an accurate, simple and cost-effective method for the evaluation of breast cancer and can be applied at our centre as a safe alternative for open biopsy when it is concordant and open biopsy must be reserved only for discordant results. This will subsequently reduce the number ofbreast biopsies significantly.
Coats' Disease is an idiopathic condition of the eye affecting young children although it can be seen in adults. Most patients present early in life with unilateral decreased vision, strabismus or leukocoria. The most important differential diagnosis is unilateral retinoblastoma. In this study we report a case of coat's disease in an young girl, and evaluate histopathological and clinical findings.
Major salivary glands display complex pathology comprising of various lesions ranging from neoplastic to inflammatory to degenerative cystic lesions. Ultrasonography plays pivotal role in choosing the appropriate treatment plan. However final diagnosis has to be confirmed by histopathology. Aim of this study was to establish the existing correlation between preoperative ultra-sonogram and postoperative histopathological examination, in patients with surgically resected major salivary gland lesions. Material and methods: This retrospective study was conducted in Father Muller Medical College and Hospital. All patients with major salivary gland lesions who have undergone preoperative ultra-sonogram and post-operative histopathological evaluation between January 2017 to December 2018 for a period of 2 years were included in the study. Different characteristics such as size, shape, homogeneity, vascularization and delimitation were assessed on ultrasonography and then compared with histopathological findings. Results: Our study included 57 patients out of which majority of lesions were of parotid gland. There was increased incidence in 5 th decade, also a male preponderance was observed. Correlation was better for benign lesions and 100% correlation was observed for pleomorphic adenoma. Overall diagnostic accuracy for ultrasonography was 85.7%. There was 100% correlation for homogeneity, vascularization and delimitation. There was correlation for size and shape for both benign and malignant lesions. Conclusion: This study emphasises the importance of ultrasound in diagnosing major salivary gland lesions. Although the sensitivity of ultrasound is not as expected, ultrasound is still a promising diagnostic tool that may be used in first line diagnosis of major salivary gland lesions.
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