Salient features of the globalization movement include: the defence of the subjective specificity of individuals and groups by a plurality of actors; fluid organizational and communication structures; opposition to economic and social domination; resistance to cultural homogenization; construction of social alternative networks; links between local and transnational initiatives that seek alternative modes of development on a global scale; the search for a new democracy. These features imply a specific construction of the movement and, in addition, different significances of its impact on social life. The affirmation of individual and group subjectivities in the construction of the movement implies a new definition of action as no longer collective. The impact of this action on social life resides in: the need to build new institutional mechanisms adequate to regulate global economic fluxes; cultural alternatives expressed through the affirmation of subjective specificity; and the cleavage between the movement’s social networks and ruling actors.
Ce livre propose un modèle explicatif des mouvements sociaux contemporains. Il réexamine dans cette optique les classiques de la sociologie, puis il passe en revue les théories plus récentes de la mobilisation des ressources et de la sociologie de l'action. Il montre comment ces mouvements naissent de la résistance d'individus et de groupes aux acteurs dirigeants, à ceux qui contrôlent les flux financiers et la fabrication de l'information. L'enjeu pour ces mouvements ne se situe donc plus sur le terrain de la lutte des classes, mais tient plutôt à la détermination des symboles et des codes culturels des divers secteurs de la vie sociale, depuis la santé jusqu'à l'éducation, en passant par les médias et l'environnement.
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