We conducted a human-in-the-loop robot simulation experiment. The effects of displaying transparency information, in the interface for an autonomous robot, on operator trust were examined. Participants were assigned to one of three transparency conditions and trust was measured prior to observing the autonomous robotic agent's progress and post observation. Results demonstrated that participants who received more transparency information reported higher trust in the autonomous robotic agent. Overall findings indicate that displaying SAT model-based transparency information on a robotic interface is effective for appropriate trust calibration in an autonomous robotic agent.
We use the Situation awareness-based Agent Transparency model as a framework to design a user interface to support agent transparency. Participants were instructed to supervise an autonomous robotic agent as it traversed simulated urban environments. During this task, participants were exposed to one of three levels of information used to support agent transparency in the interface display. Our findings suggest that providing agent transparency information allows operators to properly calibrate trust without excess workload. Though, increased agent transparency information did not support operator situation awareness.
The present study investigated the effect of including information to support transparency, based on the Situation awareness-based Agent Transparency (SAT) model, in the interface for an autonomous agent known as the Autonomous Squad Member (ASM). In four different SAT model-based display conditions, participants used the ASM’s interface to gain information about the ASM and simulated squad’s status as they completed a route containing obstacles. Results indicated that participants had greater trust in the ASM and were most effective at maintaining situation awareness when the ASM provided outcome predictions (SAT Level 3), in addition to planned actions (SAT Level 1) and a rationale for those actions (SAT Level 2). No differences in participant workload, while monitoring the ASM, were observed between SAT display conditions.
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