The state of knowledge of evidence-based healthcare design has grown rapidly in recent years. The evidence indicates that well-designed physical settings play an important role in making hospitals safer and more healing for patients, and better places for staff to work.
As a leading researcher in this field, Pargament (1997) makes reference to the transactional model of stress and coping (Lazarus & [Folkman], 1984) as a potential point of departure for understanding and organizing research on religiosity and spirituality. Notably, he has focused on the process of religious coping behaviour with some additional emphasis on religious appraisals or attributions in response to various life stressors (e.g., Pargament & Hahn, 1986; [Mahoney, Pargament], Koenig, & Perez, 2000). Pargament continues to expand the application of these religious and spiritual domains in the coping process, most recently addressing the importance of spiritual attachment (connection) to God as a key factor in driving the religious coping process (Belavich & Pargament, 2002). Following Pargament's lead, a handful of researchers have started to apply the transactional model to their investigation of spirituality, coping, and health (e.g., [Stolley] et al., 1999). And yet, these applications remain limited in their focus on one or two aspects of the coping process (e.g., role of person factors). Research in the area of psychosomatic medicine has long demonstrated that hope has an ameliorative effect on healing (
The solution to the following problem is presented. Determine the least number of degrees of freedom for which a quantum mechanical system admits a given semisimple Lie algebra and construct the corresponding class of realizations. Such realizations are termed minimal realizations. It is shown that they can be obtained by a generalization of the inducing construction. Their physical importance is emphasized by showing that they possess most of the essential properties required of spectrum generating algebras.
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