No abstract

Purpose:To report cases of acute globe rupture and bilateral corneal burns from electronic cigarette (EC) explosions.Methods:Case series.Results:We describe a series of patients with corneal injury caused by EC explosions. Both patients suffered bilateral corneal burns and decreased visual acuity, and one patient sustained a unilateral corneoscleral laceration with prolapsed iris tissue and hyphema. A review of the scientific literature revealed no prior reported cases of ocular injury secondary to EC explosions; however, multiple media and government agency articles describe fires and explosions involving ECs, including at least 4 with ocular injuries.Conclusions:Given these cases and the number of recent media reports, ECs pose a significant public health risk. Users should be warned regarding the possibility of severe injury, including sight-threatening ocular injuries ranging from corneal burns to full-thickness corneoscleral laceration.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Purpose To investigate possible mutations in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 6 (CHST6) gene of two unrelated cases of macular corneal dystrophy (MCD) and to report atypical stromal deposits in one of them. Methods Corneal tissues were stained with anti-sulfated keratan sulfate (KS), anti-transforming growth factor beta 1-induced protein (TGFBIp), thioflavin-T, alcian blue, and Masson trichrome. Sequencing was performed to identify potential mutations in the CHST6 gene and the fourth and twelfth exons of the TGFBI gene. Results Alcian blue staining revealed the presence of multiple subepithelial and intra-stromal mucopolysaccharide deposits, confirming the diagnosis of MCD in both cases. Immunofluorescence staining in case 1 revealed the presence of sulfated KS only in the keratocytes and select endothelial cells, consistent with MCD type IA. Preferential expression of sulfated KS was observed in keratocytes and extracellular stromal matrix in case 2, consistent with MCD type II. Atypical sub-epithelial and superficial stromal deposits were observed in case 1, which stained positively with alcian blue, eosin, Masson trichrome and thioflavin-T indicating the presence of hyaline and amyloid materials. CHST6 gene sequencing revealed two heterozygous mutations in case 1 (a p.Arg211Gln and a novel mutation of p.Arg177Gly) and a novel homozygous mutation of p.Pro186Arg in case 2. No mutations were found in exons 4 or 12 of the TGFBI gene in case 1. Conclusions Secondary hyalinosis and amyloidosis occur in a case of MCD type IA with a novel p.Arg177Gly mutation in CHST6. A novel p.Pro186Arg mutation in CHST6 is associated with MCD type II in an African American.