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In 1955 Hall and Paige conjectured that a finite group is admissible, i.e., admits complete mappings, if its Sylow 2-subgroup is trivial or noncyclic. In a recent paper, Wilcox proved that any minimal counterexample to this conjecture must be simple, and further, must be either the Tits group or a sporadic simple group. In this paper we improve on this result by proving that the fourth Janko group is the only possible minimal counterexample to this conjecture: John Bray reports having proved that this group is also not a counterexample, thus completing a proof of the Hall-Paige conjecture.
In 1779 Euler proved that for every even n there exists a latin square of order n that has no orthogonal mate, and in 1944 Mann proved that for every n of the form 4k + 1, k ≥ 1, there exists a latin square of order n that has no orthogonal mate. Except for the two smallest cases, n = 3 and n = 7, it is not known whether a latin square of order n = 4k + 3 with no orthogonal mate exists or not. We complete the determination of all n for which there exists a mate-less latin square of order n by proving that, with the exception of n = 3, for all n = 4k + 3 there exists a latin square of order n with no orthogonal mate. We will also show how the methods used in this paper can be applied more generally by deriving several earlier non-orthogonality results.
A graph is representable modulo n if its vertices can be labeled with distinct integers between 0 and n, the difference of the labels of two vertices being relatively prime to n if and only if the vertices are adjacent. Erdős and Evans recently proved that every graph is representable modulo some positive integer. We derive a combinatorial formulation of representability modulo n and use it to characterize those graphs representable modulo certain types of integers, in particular integers with only two prime divisors. Other facets of representability are also explored. We obtain information about the values of n modulo which paths and cycles are representable.
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