With the help of laser surface engineering, in-situ carbide composite coating on the surface of plain carbon steel was achieved. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) in supplement with X-ray diffractometry indicated the evolution of TiC, Fe-Cr, and M 7 C 3 as major phases in the coating. A variation in the evolution of M 7 C 3 phase was observed with respect to the laser power over the range of 900 to 2100 W (3 mm ϫ 600 m rectangular beam spot) during processing. Computational techniques were employed with the aim of studying possible reasons for phase evolution, stability of phases, solidification path, and optimization of parameters to stabilize the M 7 C 3 phase and hence tailor properties.
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