According to the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation, implementation is a major mechanism and concern in bridging research and practice. The growing number of implementation frameworks need to be synthesized and translated so that the science and practice of quality implementation can be furthered. In this article, we: (1) use the synthesis of frameworks developed by Meyers et al. (Am J Commun Psychol, 2012) and translate the results into a practical implementation science tool to use for improving quality of implementation (i.e., the Quality Implementation Tool; QIT), and (2) present some of the benefits and limitations of the tool by describing how the QIT was implemented in two different pilot projects. We discuss how the QIT can be used to guide collaborative planning, monitoring, and evaluation of how an innovation is implemented.
There are few prognostic indicators in human and veterinary patients with hypothermia. Even the most severely affected individuals, including those presenting in cardiopulmonary arrest, have potential for complete recovery with appropriate therapy. Therapeutic hypothermia has been shown to improve outcome in people following cardiac arrest. Further studies are needed to examine this application in veterinary medicine, as well as appropriate therapy and prognosis for cases of spontaneous hypothermia.
Environmental strategies to prevent the misuse of alcohol among youth-e.g., use of public policies to restrict minors' access to alcohol-have been shown to reduce underage drinking. However, implementation of policy changes often requires public and private partnerships. One way to support these partnerships is to better understand the target of many of the environmental strategies, which is the alcohol sales outlet. Knowing more about how off-premises outlets (e.g., liquor and convenience stores) and on-premises outlets (e.g., bars and restaurants) are alike and different could help community-based organizations better tailor, plan, and implement their environmental strategies and strengthen partnerships between the public and commercial sectors. We conducted a survey of managerial or supervisory staff and/or owners of 336 off-and onpremises alcohol outlets in six counties in South Carolina, comparing these two outlet types on their preferences regarding certain alcohol sales practices, beliefs toward underage drinking, alcohol sales practices, and outcomes. Multilevel logistic regression showed that while off-and on-premises outlets did have many similarities, off-premises outlets appear to engage in more
All youth are at risk for adolescent pregnancy, yet some are more at risk than others. Although risk and protective factors paradigms are certainly not new to the field, this research takes a multilevel ecological approach and seeks to specify the relative merit of individual-level factors compared to social environment factors for explaining sexual behavior. This research explores nuanced similarities and differences between youth who abstain from sex, those who are sexually active and report using contraception, and those who are sexually active and report no contraceptive use. Multivariate and logistic regression approaches highlight aspects of youths' individual characteristics and social environments that may have important influence on their sexual behavior. The regression models showed reliably predicted
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