Nickel-doped agarose/sucrose gels can be used as reference materials for MRI diffusion measurements and show excellent short-term stability with respect to ADC. A phantom made of these materials can be invaluable in optimizing DW-MRI protocols, developing novel pulse sequences for DW-MRI, or comparing ADC values among field strengths, vendors, and imaging centers.
The ADCs of normal liver parenchyma and bone marrow change significantly with age. The ADCs of bone marrow in women are significantly higher than those of men and correlate strongly with FF. These effects may have an impact on image interpretation when using whole-body DWI to assess disease burden and treatment response.
When patients with metallic prosthetic implants undergo an MR procedure, the interaction between the RF field and the prosthetic device may lead to an increase in specific absorption rate (SAR) in tissues surrounding the prosthesis. In this work, the distribution of SAR 10g around bilateral CoCrMo alloy hip prostheses in situ in anatomically realistic voxel models of an adult male and female due to RF fields from a generic birdcage coil driven at 64 or 128 MHz are predicted using a timedomain finite integration technique. Results indicate that the spatial distribution and maximum values of SAR 10g are dependent on body model, frequency, and the position of the coil relative to the body. Enhancement of SAR 10g close to the extremities of a prosthesis is predicted. Values of SAR 10g close to the prostheses are compliant with recommended limits if the prostheses are located outside the coil. However, caution is required when the prostheses are within the coil since the predicted SAR 10g close to an extremity of a prosthesis exceeds recommended limits when the whole body averaged SAR is 2 W kg
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