La récente fouille d'un habitat privé à Jerash : nouvelles considérations sur les permanences et les changements de la culture matérielle de l'Antiquité tardive au début de la période islamiqueDepuis 2011, le Projet germano-danois du quartier nord-ouest de Gerasa mène des recherches archéologiques sur la zone la plus élevée de l'ancienne ville enceinte. En 2014, les fouilles ont débuté sur la « terrasse orientale » , qui s'étend sur environ 3 000 m² et surplombe l'Artémision d'époque romaine. Cette zone était recouverte par d'importants déblais qui enfermaient les vestiges d'un habitat domestique du début de l'époque islamique, détruit par le tremblement de terre de 749 et jamais réoccupé depuis. Une maison privée a été en partie fouillée (secteur K). Elle ne recouvre aucune phase ni romaine ni byzantine et a été abandonnée à la suite du tremblement de terre avec l'ensemble de son mobilier. L'absence de phases chronologiques antérieures, le mobilier ainsi que la destruction soudaine de cette habitation en font un exemple important qui permet d'entreprendre une étude des permanences et des changements de la culture matérielle de l'Antiquité tardive au début de l'époque islamique. L'habitat et les découvertes de ce secteur sont présentés ici pour la première fois et contextualisés dans l'arc chronologique des VII e -VIII e siècles. [Trad. de la Rédaction] 2000, as well as Walmsley 2005. major sanctuaries on the development of the urban center, see ACHIM LICHTENBERGER, RUBINA RAJA
Over recent decades an immense amount of scholarship on Palmyra has appeared, but remarkably little of it has concerned the city’s distinctive art. In the English-speaking world the groundbreaking handbook by M. A. R. College, The art of Palmyra (1976), remains the standard work, as a successor to the first major effort in this field, Studier over Palmyrensk Skulptur (1928), by H. Ingholt, itself still a basic work on the chronology of funerary portraiture. Ingholt (1896–1985) had conducted three excavation campaigns (1924, 1925, 1928) at Palmyra. Alongside his excavations he prepared an archive of more than 800 Palmyrene funerary portraits with photographs of most, as well as bibliographic references and his own datings; he used this archive as the basis for his book. His detailed diaries of his excavation campaigns are also held in the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek. In them he described some of his finds, including sculptures and inscriptions. Many of these pieces were published by him in Berytus, but a number were not. From the diaries it has been possible to locate a number of tombs and set additional sculptures within their original contexts.
Two prominent and similar pumice series were described on Thera in 1879-the Upper and Lower Pumice Series (UPS and LPS). Since then, geologists have treated the two series separately because they seemingly occurred at distinct levels and had different ages. Here we show that these two pumice series are identical; there is no LPS on Santorini. All stratigraphic conclusions based on the LPS from Santorini should therefore be discarded. The water-filled Santorini caldera with its steep inner slopes existed before the eruption. Volcano-tectonic effects in connection with caldera formation created concentric terraces that were mantled by the products of the Late Bronze Age (LBA) eruption. Subsequent erosion only left remnants of the mantle behind. Topographic effects followed by slumping during sedimentation caused confusion of the stratigraphy on the caldera wall. Our results are supported by geological, paleontological and archaeological evidence. Furthermore, the caldera with its minerals, pigments, harbours and hot springs was accessible for the Thereans. This reinterpretation opens new perspectives for archaeological research. The catastrophic LBA eruption (previously called the Minoan eruption) destroyed a flourishing culture on Santorini and impacted neighbouring cultures around 1613 BC.
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