Background Some studies have suggested antipsychotic-naive patients with nonaffective psychosis (NAP) have glucose intolerance. Aims To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of fasting glucose (FG), two hour values in the oral glucose tolerance test (2HG), fasting insulin concentration (INS), and insulin resistance (IR). Method We identified possibly relevant studies, then selected studies, following usual guidelines, with two authors reviewing the manuscripts. We required studies to include subjects with nonaffective psychosis and control subjects. Results There were 911 patients and 870 control subjects in the analysis of FG; their average ages were respectively 28.7 and 29.5 years. Significant differences were found for all four variables, with effect size estimates ranging from 0.21 to 0.58. Conclusions As a group, at the time of first clinical contact for psychosis, people with NAP have a slight increase in FG, which most of them maintain in the normal range despite a small increase in IR by secreting additional INS. When faced with a physiological challenge such as a glucose tolerance test or antipsychotics, they are no longer able to maintain a normal glucose concentration.

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Among couples, sleep is theorized to be a dyadic process, within which relationship quality exerts a large influence (Troxel et al., 2007). In turn, research has shown that capitalization, or positive-event disclosure, influences relationship quality. The benefits of capitalization, however, are contingent on the receipt of a supportive response, here referred to as capitalization support (Reis & Gable, 2003). Accordingly, the current study examined daily capitalization support, loneliness, and intimacy as predictors of sleep (i.e., quality, duration, difficulty falling asleep). Post-9/11 military veterans and their spouses (N = 159) completed a 32-day internet-based survey assessing daily relationship experiences and health. Results of an actor-partner interdependence mediation model on aggregated daily data revealed actor indirect effects of capitalization support on sleep outcomes via loneliness and intimacy, for veterans and spouses. Partner indirect effects were observed for veteran capitalization support on spouse difficulty falling asleep and sleep quality, via spouse loneliness and intimacy. Lagged actor-partner models revealed similar actor effects for daily capitalization support on loneliness (spouses) and intimacy (spouses and veterans), which in turn uniquely predicted daily sleep. Partner effects were observed for veteran capitalization support on spouse intimacy, and veteran loneliness on spouse sleep quality. Results highlight potential new avenues for interventions to promote better sleep by promoting positive relationship functioning between romantic partners. Such work is especially important for high-risk individuals, including military veterans and their spouses for whom prolonged post-deployment sleep difficulties pose particular concern.