Many insects are threatened with extinction, which in the case of pollinating insects could lead to declining pollination services and reduced ecosystem biodiversity. This necessitates rethinking how we deal with nature in general. Schools are ideal places in which to instill a willingness to behave in an environmentally-friendly way. Whereas scientific studies and school textbooks stress the importance of honeybees as pollinators, the role of bumblebees is either underestimated or neglected. The aim of this study was to provide information concerning student knowledge and attitudes, which are important factors of an individual’s environmental awareness. A questionnaire with closed and open questions was developed, which also included drawing and species identification tasks. We surveyed 870 German secondary school students between 9 and 20 years of age. Our results indicate limited knowledge of bumblebees by students of all grades. Knowledge increased with higher grades but only with a small effect size. The attitude of students towards bumblebees was generally positive; however, this positivity declined with increasing grade of the participants. This correlation also had a small effect size. Our results are discussed, with a particular focus on future educational demand.

Many insects, including numerous species of wild bees, are currently threatened with extinction. Environmental education in schools is a suitable starting point to draw attention to this problem, to raise awareness of biodiversity, and to highlight potential actions to protect wild bees and other insects. This study examined the relationship between pro-environmental behavior intentions and knowledge, attitude, fear, interest, and enjoyment of learning in a school intervention involving hands-on activities with living bumblebees. In total, 188 German 10- to 14-year-old high-school students participated in the project and took care of bumblebee colonies. Environmentally friendly behavioral intentions increased significantly between the pretest and posttest; however, no significant increase was found between the pretest and follow-up test. Bumblebee-friendly, pro-environmental behavior intentions correlated highly with attitude and interest, and correlated with knowledge and learning enjoyment with a medium effect size.

Citizen Science initiatives and their underlying concepts play an increasingly important role in getting the public interested in science and current scientific topics—one more reason to include Citizen Science in the school context. We develop a teaching concept with the aim of raising students’ awareness of the importance of wild-bee biodiversity by involving them in scientific investigations. By addressing the issue, we hope to change student’s attitudes towards wild bees as represented by common native bumblebees and encourage them to participate in pro-environmental behavior (PEB). A total sample size of 437 German high-school students from grades five to seven participated in the project. We examine students’ knowledge about bumblebees and insect decline, students’ attitude toward wild bees, and their PEB intentions before and after the project. Learning enjoyment is also measured in the post-test. Our results show that students’ knowledge increases and they positively change their attitudes toward wild bees by participating in a Citizen Science project. Furthermore, we show that although knowledge and attitude significantly correlate with PEB intentions, no strong difference between pre- and post-tests can be observed.

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