The effect of partially replacing fishmeal in aquafeed with feathermeal (FTH) at three levels (0%: FTH0, 8%: FTH8, 24%: FTH24) and two extrusion temperatures (100 and 130 °C) was evaluated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with respect to growth performance, metabolism response, and oxidative status of the feed proteins. Multivariate data analyses revealed that FTH24 correlated positively with high levels of oxidation products, amino acids (AA) racemization, glucogenic AAs level in liver, feed intake (FI), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR); and low AAs digestibility. Both FI and SGR were significantly increased when 8 and 24% feathermeal was included in the feed extruded at 100 °C, while there was a negative effect on FCR in fish fed FTH24. In conclusion, higher oxidation levels in FTH24 may give rise to metabolic alterations while lower levels of FTH may be considered as fishmeal substitute in aquafeed for rainbow trout.
Since 2000, aquaculture became well‐integrated into the global food system. Aquaculture systems are highly diverse, producing globally equal amounts of fed and extractive species. In Asia and Africa, inland aquaculture provides the bulk of aquaculture production, while in the Americas, Europe, and Oceania, marine aquaculture dominates. The realized growth of annual production since 2000 is due to intensification, the use of more and better feeds, improved production management, and increased attention to biosecurity. Fed and extractive aquaculture, both need to pay more attention to scaling, site selection, and the health of the wider production environment. In terms of land use, aquaculture is more efficient than terrestrial animal production. Still, water use remains a challenge. More attention should be given to water recycling in land‐based systems, reducing water consumption and facilitating nutrient recovery and reuse. Future development should focus on making aquaculture climate neutral and on reducing environmental impacts, both inland and at sea. More attention must be given to making aquaculture an important part of local food systems on all continents, as is the case in Asia today. Integration of aquaculture into local nutrition‐sensitive, circular, and sustainable food systems should become the major driver for future aquaculture system development.
Waste water reuse pathways for processing tomatoBattilani, A.; Plauborg, Finn; Andersen, M.N.; Andersen, M.; Schweitzer, A.; Steiner, M.; Sandei, L.; Gola, S; Dalsgaard, Anders; Forslund, Anita; Klopmann, W.; Solimando, D.
AbstractDirect or indirect water reuse involves several aspects: contamination by faecal, inorganic and xenobiotic pollutants; high levels of suspended solids and salinity; rational use of the dissolved nutrients (particularly nitrogen). The challenge is to apply new strategies and technologies which allow for use of the lowest irrigation water quality without harming food safety, yield and fruit or derivatives of quality. The EU project SAFIR aims to help farmers solve problems with low quality water and decreased access to water. New water treatment devices (prototypes) are under development to allow a safe use of waste water produced by small communities/industries (≤2000 EI) or of treated water discharged into irrigation channels. Water treatment technologies are coupled with irrigation strategies and technologies to obtain flexible, easy to use, integrated management.
Oral communication abstractsrecommendations on technical requirements and guidance are sparse as fetal sex determination is not considered mandatory. The aim of this study was to examine current practice and quality of sex determination in mid-trimester malformation scan in Denmark and to examine the expectations and experiences of pregnant couples, particularly in regards to fetal sex determination. Methods: This project consisted of four studies: 1) phone interviews of random sonographers from all fetalmedicine units in Denmark concerning daily practice of fetal sex determination; 2) quality assessment of fetal sex determination of 5786 mid-trimester scans; 3) a questionnaire study of 167 pregnant couples before and after mid-trimester scan concerning their expectations and experiences; 4) qualitative interviews of 15 pregnant couples to deepen responses of study 3. Results: All units performed sex determination at mid-trimester scan but undertook no quality assurance. Sex determination was requested from 77-81% of the pregnant couples and was assessed in 96% cases. Sex was determined correctly in 99.2% cases. All pregnant couples valued normality of the fetus as very important and the sex as less important. Of the couples, 62% wanted additional scans although they were well informed and in a low state of worry. In adjusting expectations, responsibility and possibilities of the scan the professionals were considered to be catalysts for the pregnant couples in having a good review of their child. Conclusions: Fetal Medicine units in Denmark acknowledged the expectations of pregnant couples and conducted sex determination correctly but as no guidelines existed, sonographers expressed difficulty in handling the area. The study showed the importance of the professionals playing a catalytic role in meeting the pregnant couples giving them a good experience while securing normality of their fetus. Objectives: Sex of the fetus is important to pregnant couples and ultrasound has enabled determination of the gender. Fetal sex determination is not considered mandatory. Therefore, we aimed to examine the expectations and experiences of pregnant couples in Denmark attending a mid-trimester ultrasound, particularly in regards to non-medical fetal sex determination. Methods: Two studies were conducted: 1) A questionnaire study of 167 pregnant couples before and after mid-trimester scan concerning their expectations and experiences 2) Qualitative interviews of 15 pregnant couples aimed at elaborating their responses to the questionnaire study. Results: All pregnant couples valued normality of the fetus as very important and the gender as less important. Sex determination was requested from 77% of the pregnant couples and primigravida had the highest grade of expectations of the gender. There was no difference in expectations among women < or >29 years of age. Of the couples, 62% wanted additional scans although they were well informed and in a low state of worry. In adjusting expectations, responsibility and possibilities of...
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