Sound insulation auralization can be used as valuable tool to study the perceptual aspects of sound transmission in built environments for assessment of noise effects on people. It may help to further develop guidelines for building constructions. One advanced goal of real-time sound insulation auralization is to appropriately reproduce the condition of noise effects on the human perception and cognitive performance in dynamic and interactive situations. These effects depend on the kind of noise signal (i.e. speech, music, traffic noise, etc.) and on the context. This paper introduces a sound insulation auralization model. The sound insulation filters are constructed for virtual buildings with respect to complex sound propagation effects for indoor and outdoor sound sources. The approach considers the source room sound field with direct and diffuse components along with source directivity and position. The transfer functions are subdivided into patches from the source room to the receiver room, which also covers composite building elements, thus providing more detail to the actual building situations. Furthermore, the receiving room acoustics includes the reverberation of the room based on its mean free path, absorption and binaural transfer functions between its radiating walls elements and the listener. This more exact approach of sound insulation model agrees reasonably well with the ISO standard (i.e. diffuse field theory) under standard settings. It is also shown that the sound field significantly influences the transmitted energies via building elements depending on the directivity and position of the source. The proposed method is validated as a general scheme and includes more details for real-time auralization in specific situations especially in the cases where the simplified diffuse sound field approach fails. It is capable to be used in interactive Virtual Reality (VR) systems, which opens new opportunities for psychoacoustics research in noise effects on human.
Absorption and scattering coefficients of surfaces are crucial for acoustic propagation simulations. The scattering coefficient according to ISO 17497-1, however, is the most uncertain standard metric applied in geometrical acoustics. In outdoor sound propagation simulation, the amount of scattered energy is crucial for the sound immission at the receiver. Standard random-incidence scattering coefficients are in use but with uncertain results. In contrast, specific reflection patterns are neither available nor implemented in simulation algorithms. In this paper, the scattering coefficient concept will be applied for building facades in an urban test environment. Furthermore, results from a new angle-dependent specific scattering metric, including sound steering and retro-reflection, will be compared with results from purely specular or mixed specular/random-incidence datasets.
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