The current study hypothesized that undergraduates enrolled in a career explorations course would report significant gains in career decision-making selfefficacy and vocational identity during a semester. A repeated measures MANOVA was used to assess 88 students' precourse and postcourse selfefficacy for five tasks related to career decision making. Results revealed that students reported significantly more adaptive self-efficacy beliefs following the career course. Furthermore, a time by gender interaction indicated the course was especially effective for increasing women's judgments of efficacy for career planning and problem solving. Subsequent analyses indicated that students also reported a stronger sense of vocational identity following the course. Results from this study contribute to current research and practice by revealing how interventions may affect undergraduates' career-related beliefs.
Former participants in a high school enrichment program for girls interested in science careers were surveyed 1 to 2 years after high school graduation. After reporting their college major, they completed measures of science self‐efficacy and quality of emotional bonds with parents. Of the 41 women, 5 were not enrolled in college. Those actually majoring in science (n = 23) reported significantly higher science self‐efficacy than those who were undecided or had chosen nonscicnce majors (n = 13). Science self‐efficacy was significantly negatively associated with recollections of fathers as having been highly controlling and likely to use a “love withdrawal” parenting style.
The authors present a review of the 2002 career development literature. The literature review is divided into the following areas: career theory, career assessment, career counseling interventions and practice, career counseling training and professional issues, and international issues in career counseling. The authors discuss the implications of the findings in this literature for career counseling practice.
Research
ROLE CONFLICTTensions in management roles in contemporary healthcare organisations Scott A, Timmons S (2017) Peer review This article has been subject to external double-blind peer review and checked for plagiarism using automated software Online For related articles visit the archive and search using the keywords. Guidelines on writing for publication are available at: journals.rcni.com/r/author-guidelines
AbstractAim This article reports the results of a study that gives an insight into ward leaders' perspectives of their leadership role and explores how they deliver leadership at ward level within organisational constraints and processes. Previous studies have been evaluations of clinical leadership in general, or literature reviews of the ward leader role. The aim of this study was to examine the leadership role of ward sisters and to understand how they lead quality of care on their wards. Methods A qualitative methodology was used, incorporating 19 in-depth interviews with ward leaders and modern matrons. Results Three main themes were identified: empty conformity, authority and autonomy, and visibility and leading by example. Participants aimed to be role models in leading and maintaining standards of care for patients, but this was sometimes constrained by organisational processes, lack of authority and autonomy, and lack of support and preparation. Conclusion Perceived differences between nursing and health service management means ward leaders' efforts to lead quality care are often undermined. Ward leaders must strike a balance between leading quality nursing care, in the context of organisational and political performance requirements, and the demands of administrative work, while often lacking autonomy and authority.hospital management, leadership, nursing, nursing management, organisational behaviour, role conflict, ward sister
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