The article contains the results of scientific research on solving modern problems of teaching students in a transport University by developing their creative abilities. Through the use of a personal-oriented approach in the educational process, the future specialist has the opportunity to make the right choice and develop abilities in different types of engineering activities: design, research, production and technological, and organizational and managerial. It is shown by practical consideration how to upgrade a certain set of competencies that are necessary for future professional activity, develop those personal qualities that will contribute to further self-improvement in accordance with the chosen type of engineering activity in the process of mastering academic disciplines with the use of personality-oriented technologies. Using a personalityoriented approach, the psychophysiological properties of the person are taken into account: the type of thinking, the type of memory, the level of memorization; emotional and volitional qualities: temperament, emotionality, will, stress resistance; characterological properties of the person: leadership, self-esteem, level of claims, adaptive mobility. The importance of professional inclinations is shown: in project work – reproducing memory, spatial imagination; in research activities–abstract thinking, facilitating memory; in production and technological activities, and in organizational and administrative activities – communication, leadership, adaptive mobility, strong will, tolerance. In order to determine the levels of students 'professional competencies, the authors developed a set of control tests that allow to identify and evaluate students' knowledge that are necessary for the successful implementation of all four types of engineering activities, as well as the student's acquired skills to perform professional functions in the corresponding types of engineering activities. The effectiveness of the personal-oriented approach is proved by comparing the levels of formation of mandatory and personal-oriented professional competencies.
The paper discusses the recent qualitative changes in the country system of training students of transport universities. Based on the opinions of scientists and considerable experience in higher education, the authors of the paper state the timeliness of reforming the current system of professional training of prospective railway engineers. Taking into account the requirements of employers and the new generation of professional standards being introduced, it is planned to improve the forms and training methods. At the same time, it is recommended to focus on professional competencies development among students of the transport university, which will undoubtedly contribute to their successful industrial activities in the future. The paper analyzes the experience of applying various approaches that allow to form necessary professional competencies in engineering activities (design, research, operational and technological, organizational and managerial) for students of transport universities as part of the development of the program 23.05.03 The Railway Rolling Stock. The authors have described in details the essence, value and practical expediency of using context-based, activity-based and personality-oriented approaches in the system of transport education for students professional competencies development in engineering activities.
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