PurposeThe main objective of the study was to present the influence of the morphological shape of the proximal femoral growth plate in children as one of the risk factors for the incidence of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in adolescents.MethodsThis research is based on the X-ray, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data obtained for 100 children three to 13 years old, all treated at the Children’s Orthopaedic Clinic and Rehabilitation Department and Department of Radiology Medical University of Lublin between 2005 and 2009. We took into account 83 children with healthy hip joints and 17 children with SCFE. We also performed morphological analysis of the shape of the proximal femoral growth plate together with X-ray, CT and MRI examinations of the proximal ends of cadaver femurs for two children aged six and 13.ResultsIn the final findings we present an analysis of the shape of the proximal femoral growth plate in children between the third and 13th years of life and consider a correlation between the shape of the proximal femoral growth plate and its influence on the incidence of SCFE in adolescents.ConclusionsThe change of shape of the proximal femoral growth plate from pleated to more spherical is one of the risk factors for the incidence of SCFE in children ten years old and older.
The awareness of one’s own sexuality and its expression depend on the stage of an individual’s life. Pregnancy is a period of many, also psychosexual, changes. The sexual needs of pregnant women are rarely discussed, and intercourse during this period seems to be a taboo. The aim of this study was to assess the sexual and life satisfaction of pregnant women. The study involved 181 pregnant women and was conducted from July to November 2018. The participants were patients of the pregnancy pathology ward, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Szczecin, and participants of antenatal classes. The research project was approved by the Bioethics Committee of the Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin (KB-0012/74/18). This survey-based study was performed using the self-developed questionnaire and standardized tools: the Sexual Satisfaction Questionnaire, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS Statistics 24.0 statistical package. The tests used were the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, the Shapiro–Wilk test, and Pearson’s test. The statistical significance of the results was assumed as (p < 0.05), the correlations (p < 0.01), and probability (p < 0.001). This study demonstrated a high level of life satisfaction, a medium level of overall sexual satisfaction, and a high level of satisfaction with sex. A higher level of satisfaction with life was associated with higher levels of sexual satisfaction in every dimension. There is a need for comprehensive perinatal care and professional sexual counseling.
IntroductionAccording to the American College of Radiology and the American Cancer Society, CTC has been recognized as a valuable screening method for detecting CRC in people at medium risk as an alternative to endoscopic colonoscopy. The condition for the proper interpretation of this procedure is the patient’s preparation for the examination. The evaluation of the test includes: topogram, transverse images (as reference images), multifaceted reconstructions and three-dimensional images (3D navigator). Materials and methods The literature on the use of CTC in the diagnosis of CRC was analyzed. A review of the scientific literature indexed in the PUBMED database from the last 10 years was carried out. Results The introduction of dual energy computed tomography (DECT) clearly improved the diagnostic accuracy of CTC. The main advantage of DECT is the possibility of obtaining iodine maps and VNC (virtual non-contrast) – a ’’virtual’’ native image (without the use of contrast). DECT allows you to monitor the results and extent of iodine capture on VNC and iodine map images, respectively, without using pre-recorded tomographic images. Pilot tests showed that DECT is an effective tool in CT colonography diagnostics and electronic colon loop cleaning after barium labeling. The use of the Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) algorithm in high energy tomography helps in the diagnosis and detection of intestinal tumors. ConclusionsThe development of modern technologies used in CT colonography proves that it is a safe and acceptable technique for patients. Lack of invasiveness, low radiation dose and high diagnostic efficiency of CTC may encourage more people to undergo colorectal cancer screening in the future.
Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a substance commonly used in industry for the production of everyday plastic products. It is also found in thermal paper. Global pollution of the environment by BPA results in constant exposure to its harmful effects. This substance penetrates the skin, respiratory tract and food into the body. BPA, due to its structure similar to estrogens, disturbs e.g. functioning of the endocrine system and increases the risk of certain cancers. Material and methods: The PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used to review the literature. Description of knowledge: Exposure of breast cancer cells to BPA results in increased aromatase synthesis and increased proliferation of ER + cells. Moreover, BPA stimulates the growth of neoplastic breast cancer cells not only at high doses but also at low doses (<25 µg / kg / day). This substance has an affinity for the estrogen receptor. Daily doses of BPA have been found to increase the density of the mammary gland in mammography. Exposure of this substance to human prostate epithelial cells induced the potential of cancer development in prostate cells. Recent studies have shown that BPA causes increased bronchial reactivity and reduced epidermal regeneration capacity, which proves its pro-inflammatory effect. Research proves that BPA reduces the ability to learn and disrupts the Glu / GABA neurotransmitter ratio. Conclusions: The ubiquitous presence of BPA has a negative effect on living organisms. By accumulating in adipose tissue, it exposes us to constant exposure, which is dangerous even in low doses. Increases the risk of infertility and cancer. Acting pro-inflammatory, it increases the susceptibility to allergens. There are calls for the use of BPA-free packaging and for steps to be taken to reduce BPA production. Key words: bisphenol A; BPA; estrogen; mechanisms; receptors; cancer.
Introduction: Despite medical advances, the prevention and treatment of tropical diseases continue to be a current problem for communities. Purpose: To present the public awareness of tropical diseases. Material and method: The study was conducted by using an author's questionnaire. 158 questionnaires were collected and analysed. Results: The study included women (55.7%) and men (44.3%) of varying ages, nearly half of whom were studying or are studying a medical profession. The analysis showed that 92.4% of the respondents were aware of the factors causing contagious and parasitic diseases. Only 5.0% of respondents expressed opposition to prevention when travelling to tropical countries. Every fourth person planning a trip would not go to a specialist on this issue. Nearly 90% of respondents wanted to be vaccinated before travelling. On the other hand, only 15.2% of respondents knew that malaria is not currently prevented by a vaccine, but by chemoprophylaxis. One in five respondents said there was no need for hygienic food consumption, while more than half (53.8%) had not heard of the rule "cook, steam, peel or forget". Among the most important preventive measures, respondents most often selected hand washing (50.6%), taking care of hygiene (20.2%) and immunization (17.8%). Conclusions: Most of the respondents, especially those with medical education, demonstrated basic knowledge of tropical diseases. However, there is a great need for education, especially about visiting a doctor before travelling, types of prevention and methods of hygienic food consumption. The possibility of implementing programmes to supplement knowledge should be kept in mind. Keywords: tropical diseases; contagious diseases; awareness; society.
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