The existence of social entrepreneurs is beneficial for the establishment of a stable and just society dedicated to serving the needs of individuals and the creation of innovative market solutions. However, social entrepreneurs need an institutional environment of a proper quality to be able to function efficiently. On the one hand, the institutional environment should promote the development of social entrepreneurship, on the other, there is a need for designing directaction social entrepreneurship institutions that would provide support and ensure the development of socially-oriented businesses, and promote grassroots initiatives in this sphere. Despite the fact that researchers are interested in this issue, there are very few quantitative studies assessing the impact of institutional environments for social entrepreneurs on a global scale. Furthermore, no attempts have been made to look at this phenomenon from an economic development standpoint, by assessing it in developed countries. The subject of the study is social entrepreneurship development and the role of formal institution environment on this process. In this study, the formal institutional environment of social entrepreneurship for developed countries will be investigated econometrically. From this aspect, this study aimed to empirically evaluate whether regulative and normative institutions affect social entrepreneurship growth. As a result of the hypothesis testing, it is determined that a normative institutional environment such as investment freedom or economic growth have a positive influence on the development of social entrepreneurship in developed countries. These findings indicate that social entrepreneurship for its development needs fundamental economic changes and sustainable development.

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This paper focuses on the topical and problematic area of social innovations. The aim of this paper is to develop an original approach to the allocation of social innovations, taking into account characteristics such as the degree of state participation, the scope of application, the type of initiations as well as the degree of novelty, which will be elaborated on further in this article. In order to achieve this goal, the forty-two most successful social innovations were identified and systematized. The results of this study demonstrated that 73.5% of social innovations are privately funded, most of them operating on an international level with a high degree of novelty. Moreover, 81% of all social innovations are civic initiatives. Social innovations play an important role in the growth of both developed and less developed countries alike as highlighted in our extensive analysis.

Importance This article focuses on developing tools to measure an impact of social innovation, taking into account commercial and social benefits of introducing social innovation. Objectives We aim to develop our own matrix for the evaluation of the impact of social innovation. Methods We use methods of systematization, logical analysis, regression analysis, etc. Results The article shows possible areas of institutional development that ensure the effective performance of social and innovation activities, including the development of both efficient formal institutions and social capital. Conclusions and Relevance The theoretical analysis, as well as the results of the application of the developed assessment matrix of social innovation at the regional level, have made it possible to identify the characteristics of social innovation. The matrix makes it possible to identify the characteristics of social innovation functioning in a given territory and also becomes an initial stage for the institutional development directions.

Целью данного исследования является разработка алгоритма институционального обеспечения процессов развития долевой экономики при создании комфортной городской среды. В ходе исследования были определены предпосылки развития долевой экономики в российской практике, в частности: потенциал снижения трансакционных издержек, стремительное развитие цифровых технологий, рост дисфункций институтов государственного управления и социального обеспечения, трансформация потребностей и мотивов поколений, что вносит изменения в ценности граждан, а также мотивы их участия в экономически невыгодных проектах. Проведена систематизация проектов долевой экономики по видам общественных благ, в том числе транспорт, образование, культура, ЖКХ, социальное обеспечение, защита окружающей среды и др., а также по предмету отношений, которые лежат в основе данных проектов (совместное потребление, производство, обучение, финансовое обучение). На примере институтов совместного производства, а также финансового обеспечения, описан алгоритм институционального обеспечения развития долевой экономики, включающий такие этапы, как определение стимулов потенциальных экономических агентов (среди которых как представители органов власти, бизнеса, так и простых граждан) участвовать в том или ином проекте долевой экономики; определение норм и правил, которые будут способствовать вовлечению граждан в тот или иной проект, апробация разработанных норм и правил на небольшой территории,

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The use of socially innovative projects for solving social problems by actively involving civil society is a promising and much sought-after area of social development. However, the priority of social goals over economic outcomes in the implementation of such projects significantly limits the speed and effectiveness of their implementation. In this connection, the use of a mathematical tool for the financing and resource provision of social innovations creates new opportunities in terms of the assessment and development of such projects. In order to develop and substantiate tools for the mathematical support of financing social innovations, the role of the collaborative economy in the development of social innovations initiated from below is substantiated. The proposed mathematical toolkit includes a linear algorithm describing the logic of the developed approach, a methodology for assessing socially-innovative projects based on an adapted McKinsey matrix, a methodology for assessing the institutional environment, as well as a mapping of project correspondences in an adapted McKinsey matrix along with collaborative economic tools recommended for resource provision. The described set of collaborative economy tools is recommended for use in the development and implementation of social innovations. The mathematically-described algorithm proposed by the authors is aimed at developing resource provision strategies for social projects by evaluating their competitiveness and attractiveness in terms of the social function they perform while taking the characteristics of the particular institutional environment into consideration. The result of applying this algorithm comprises a set of collaborative economy tools for use in the development and implementation of socially-innovative projects. The application of this algorithm is shown on the example of an evaluation of ten projects implemented in the Ural region and applying for assistance from support funds. The theoretical significance of the proposed results lies in the development of methodological tools for assessing socially-innovative projects. The practical significance lies in the possibility of applying the obtained results in the development of an online calculator used to assist in forming a social project resource provision strategy.